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Game Weekly： ByteDance officially announced the divestiture of game business; Collapse： Star Dome Railway is Google Play’s best game of the year.

21st century business herald reporter Cai Shuyue reports from Shanghai.

In the last month of 2023, dramatic events in the game industry continued this week.

The most concerned dynamic is ByteDance’s announcement of a big retreat from the game industry. On November 27th, ByteDance officially announced that its game business will shrink in a large scale, and all the projects that have not been launched will be shut down except a few innovative projects and related technical projects.

This week, the news that Blizzard may return to the national service also attracted the attention of the industry. On the afternoon of November 30th, Tencent’s Rubik’s Cube Studio was suspected to broadcast live the related content of Activision Blizzard’s World of Warcraft in bilibili. A person familiar with the matter told the media that Blizzard was currently negotiating with many game makers including Netease and Tencent about the return of the national costume, but Tencent officials later denied the rumor.

In terms of industry, this week, SensorTower announced the top 10 downloads of global popular mobile games in October. The top 10 downloads of global popular mobile games in that month were Real Car Driving: Race City 3D, Roblox, Garena Free Fire, Subway Surfers and so on. In addition, the best list of Google Play 2023 was officially announced this week. Miha Tour "Collapse: Star Railway" won the best game in 2023 and the best story award of the year.

SensorTower announced the TOP10 downloads of global popular mobile games in October.

According to the latest data released by Sensor Tower, in October 2023, the top 10 most popular mobile games in the world were Real Car Driving: Race City 3D, Roblox, Garena Free Fire, Subway Surfers and so on. Among them, Real Car Driving: Race City 3D topped the list with more than 19 million downloads, of which India contributed 26.4%. In addition, Roblox ranked second with nearly 18 million downloads, of which Brazil contributed 12.8%.

Google Play announced the best list in 2023, and the best game of the year was Collapse: Star Dome Railway.

On November 30th, the best list of Google Play 2023 was officially announced. Mihayou’s "Collapse: Star Dome Railway" won the best game in 2023 and the best plot award of the year. In addition, the best application of Google Play in 2023 is an educational App《Imprint: Learn Visually. In addition, Google also highlighted the best applications, games and books in various categories. At the same time, in order to reflect the mainstream trend, this list also introduced new award categories, including the best AI application of the year.

ByteDance officially announced the divestiture of game business

On November 27th, ByteDance officially announced that its game business will shrink in a large scale. For games that have been launched and performed well, they will seek divestiture under the condition of ensuring operation; For projects that have not yet been launched, except for a few innovative projects and related technical projects, they will all be shut down.

On November 26th, someone familiar with the matter broke the news on the Internet platform, saying that there would be a round of layoffs in ByteDance’s game business, and "the person in charge of each project under study was notified on Sunday that the project was dissolved, and a formal notice was issued on Monday". In addition, among the online game projects, even Crystal Nucleus and Planet: Restart, which have good data, only give the project team three months to talk about suitable buyers.

In this regard, the relevant person in charge told the 21st century business herald reporter that there will indeed be business direction and organizational adjustment, and more attention will be paid to the exploration of some innovative games and related technologies. But at the same time, it will also do a good job in the continuous operation of the products that have been launched, and fully protect the rights and interests of players.

Nancai comments:As one of the Internet giants, in addition to direct capital investment, Byte’s development of game business is more critical based on its own traffic investment in short video and other fields. Although the outside world can’t accurately estimate the actual value of this investment, the decision to divest the game business also shows that it is not cost-effective after internal accounting. Even if we talk about content ecology and empowerment, the distance between the Internet and games is actually no closer than that to new energy vehicles.

Yuan Jing, CEO of Mu Tong, responded to the rumors of sale: the company continues to operate independently and the national service is advancing normally.

On the evening of November 27th, in response to the recent news that Byte Group adjusted its game business and Mu Tong was sold, Yuan Jing, CEO of Mu Tong, publicly responded internally, saying that Mu Tong would continue to operate independently and would deeply cultivate the game industry for a long time. After the release of the internal response, he also said in a circle of friends, "I shouldn’t have said anything at this time, but I sincerely want to say that after such a long time, I like to be strict and like my friends."

Blizzard is negotiating with Tencent and Netease about the return of national clothes? Tencent’s response: The rumor is inaccurate.

On the afternoon of November 30th, Tencent’s Rubik’s Cube Studio was suspected to broadcast live the related content of Activision Blizzard’s World of Warcraft in bilibili. This move triggered a discussion in the market. A person familiar with the matter told the media that Blizzard has been negotiating the return of the national service with many game manufacturers including Netease and Tencent, but the specific partners and return time have not yet been determined. In this regard, tencent games responded to the 21st century business herald reporter, clarifying that the live broadcast was only a test, and it has now ended. Another person close to Tencent said that Rubik’s Cube is a self-developed studio under Tencent and will not represent external products. The rumors are inaccurate.

Nancai comments:After Microsoft officially acquired Activision Blizzard, some people think that although Blizzard has never found a home in China, after the acquisition is completed, Microsoft will ask Activision Blizzard to return to the China game market, and it is not impossible to resume cooperation with Netease or seek other partners.

On December 15th, the first phase of "Yuan Meng Xing" was planned to invest 1.4 billion yuan for the game ecological construction.

On the afternoon of December 2nd, Tencent Tianmei Studio Group held a press conference, announcing that the party game "Yuan Meng Xing" was officially finalized, and the public beta began on December 15th. Among them, "Yuan Meng Xing" announced that the first phase of the incentive plan was also officially exposed. It is understood that the first phase plans to invest 1.4 billion yuan for special development such as the construction of the national e-sports competition system, the incentive of content ecological creators, and the incentive of UGC map creators, while the long-term investment is not capped.

Bilibili released the Q3 quarterly financial report, and the daily users of the platform exceeded 100 million.

On the evening of November 29, 2023, the financial report released by bilibili showed that in the third quarter, the company’s revenue was 5.8 billion yuan, which was basically the same as that of the same period last year; The net loss was 1.3 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 22%. In the same period, the number of daily users in bilibili exceeded 100 million. "We have run through a positive cycle from user scale growth to business growth." On November 29th, bilibili Chairman and CEO Rui Chen said. In the same period, the average daily video broadcast volume of the platform was 4.7 billion, up 26% year-on-year, and the average monthly interactive number was 17 billion, up 18% year-on-year. The average daily usage time of users is 100 minutes, a record high.

Steam11 November software and hardware survey: NVIDIA RTX 3060 topped the list.

According to the software and hardware survey report released by Steam in November, the RTX 3060, the mid-range graphics card of Steam platform, continues to rank first, but the chain has declined. The market share in that month was 4.89%. At the same time, the market share of GTX 1650 rebounded to 4.61%. In terms of operating system, Windows 10 64-bit continued to take the lead, with a share of 53.53% in the current month, a decrease of 12.05% compared with the previous month. However, the share of 64-bit Windows 11 also increased, reaching 42.04%, an increase of 11.51%. In addition, the market share of Windows 7 64-bit and Windows 8.1 64-bit was low, which was 0.69% and 0.16% respectively in that month, down by 0.38% and 0.03% respectively. The number of players using Windows 7 operating system has also dropped significantly, accounting for only 0.06%, but it has increased compared with last month.

The second round of voting for TGA Player Voice began, and ten games were shortlisted.

On December 1st, the second round of voting for The Game Awards 2023 Voice of Players has been officially launched. A total of ten games were shortlisted for the second round, including two domestic games, The Original God and Collapse: Star Dome Railway.

JDG officially announced that Knight was "disconnected"

On December 3rd, the official official of JDG JD.COM E-sports Club announced that Knight players had left the team. "After friendly negotiation between the players and the club, under the premise of fully respecting the players’ personal wishes, Zhuo Ding (ID:knight), a single player in JDG JD.COM E-sports Club, is officially disconnected from the connection." JDG said. According to the manager of BLG, Elk, On and other players, Knight’s next stop may be BLG.

Produced by: Digital Entertainment Research Group of Nancai Compliance Science and Technology Research Institute

Author: Cai Shuyue

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These things you have to know as a badminton player.

If our partners are good at football, we have a better chance of winning.

At work, a good partner,

It can really make people experience twice the efficiency with half the effort.

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The partner has a good temper, and it is comfortable to win or lose a game.

In life, you need such a warm friend.

Being with TA is comfortable, cozy and the whole person is better.

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In amateur circles, there are people outside,

No matter how awesome you are, there must be someone better than you.

Just try playing a few more groups.

Vision is very important, modest people always look at the soles of their feet, down-to-earth,

Proud people’s nostrils are facing the sky.

In the amateur circle, 80% of golfers dare not pretend to be good at playing.

Because playing badminton well will never happen overnight.

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Badminton is a sport that looks easy and is hard to play.

This feature has also frustrated new golfers.

No one wants to fight you or can’t fight.

Actually, it doesn’t matter. Everyone learned it all the way.

Don’t feel bad about yourself,

When you think like this,

People who are not enterprising are already worse than you.

The old man in the arena, this is a process that never goes to the meeting.

Many people helped themselves when they were growing up.

Also try to help the little white golfer.

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It’s great to win, and I feel that I have reached a certain level in badminton.

Losing is not angry, how can you lose? You shouldn’t lose!

You know, no one can always win.

I can’t see the performance of some golfers after losing the game. They look very hurt and make people speechless.

Li Zongwei was runner-up in the Third Olympic Games, but it became braver and braver, with a bent heart and not giving in!

With this mentality, you are already a winner in life.

For modern urbanites, being able to go out and exercise,

Its significance is not limited to fitness, but also a process of reshaping character and soul.

Playing badminton will change people’s mood, which is a consensus.

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Of course, the purpose of playing the game is to win!

If there is a winning or losing thing, we must all strive to win!

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One can’t play badminton,

You must have the cheek to ask your golfers in the arena.

Seeing some new golfers, I am not familiar with them.

Or if you don’t play well, you’re too embarrassed to ask your golfers out.

Wait for the golfer to ask him out, look through it with his mobile phone,

You know, the golfers don’t know you well,

Please don’t be shy when you need us.

It’s the same in life, not that others don’t want to help you,

You’re the one who kept them from knowing their plight.

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Badminton rules are many and must be observed.

There are rules for sending and receiving, but the service court and sideline of singles and doubles are different.

Wear badminton shoes when entering the arena …

Respect the rules, at least not make mistakes,

Only we can adapt to the rules, and it is impossible to adapt the rules to you.

When you serve illegally and are pointed out by your golfer, be sure to thank him.

In the arena, players who don’t follow the rules are not welcome.

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No, pot calling the kettle black.

Amateurs. Don’t pretend to be a professional bitch.

When an opponent makes an improper mistake,

Even if you don’t want to give him an encouraging look,

Please don’t smile scornfully,

In the arena, that expression hurt the golfers very much.

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If you lose, you lose, so don’t make excuses!

Don’t take any objective reasons to find reasons for your loss. It’s very low.

The wind will tilt your ball and your opponent’s ball.

The lights are dazzling, and the opponent is not wearing sunglasses.

The venue is not suitable and the opponent is not at home.

This is also a kind of recognition of your own mind.

Growth is to make yourself better, and maturity is to accept those shortcomings.

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The highest state in the face of misunderstanding is not to defend, but not to explain.

In the game, was misjudged? Forget it quickly and look at the next round.

Just kidding, we don’t have an eagle eye,

Tell him that the ball from the other side is out of bounds!

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It is better to ask others to be practical and meaningful than to ask yourself to come.

Being a good partner in the eyes of a golfer is more important than finding a good partner.

This also applies to all couples, lovers and singles in the world.

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Behave the rules and make clear the size of Fiona Fang is the premise.

It is more square to know clearly where the sideline of the court is.

Don’t be silly to catch the ball out of bounds or the ball that hasn’t been served out of bounds.

I remember when I first played ball, I didn’t have this concept.

I feel that the stadium is so big and the pace is not in place.

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Buy some buckets of good balls, open your own new ball, and play with the ball.

In the same way, you can’t always lick others when eating, and you have to pay for it several times!

How many local tyrants are willing to keep you playing with the ball!

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Strength determines everything. Don’t take luck for granted.

Luck is very important, and a lucky ball may be the key point.

But I can’t help you win the whole game,

Don’t be complacent because of the lucky ball, and you will be dissatisfied in every way after losing in the end.

Brother, winning or losing is really determined by strength, and all the players can see it.

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Let’s get off the court after playing the ball. No one can dominate the court forever.

Never be a bully, no matter how much red bull you drink.

And don’t communicate with your golfers on the court. The golfers off the court are embarrassed to remind you …

It’s hard to squeeze time, and the venue is so tight. Put yourself in another’s shoes!

There are so many people in China that we have to do everything like this.

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Focusing on playing ball is a completely different experience.

From the beginning of sending and receiving, concentrate, talk less and laugh less,

If you don’t play casually, you will play better.

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Find out the priority of things, sometimes playing ball is not the most important thing!

No matter how much you love it, playing ball is just an entertainment project.

Fight or not, whoever loses wins, tomorrow will be the same.

Sometimes it may be more important to spend time with your daughter and your wife.

Because badminton is addictive, our golfers should arrange their time reasonably.

Of course, it is best to take your lover and children with you to the goal hall.

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CBA News 3： Shanghai signed the teaching assistant of the national team, Cummings was rejected, and Si Nan averaged five hats per game.

Patriotic basket, love CBA, I am Sister Luo, and friends remember to like it after reading it!

In this offseason, the Shanghai team must take the lead in solving the problem of team coaches. After Li Chunjiang was banned, the Shanghai team was in a state of being leaderless. During the two seasons when Li Chunjiang led the team to play, he actually found the development direction and ideas for the Shanghai team. As far as the current situation is concerned, it is not suitable for the Shanghai team to find a head coach who doesn’t know the team at all, which is equivalent to establishing a new system from scratch. Next season, the performance of the Shanghai team may drop sharply, which is definitely meaningless. As far as the current situation is concerned, the head coach that the Shanghai team needs is a coach who knows the team and knows Li Chunjiang’s guiding intention, and the team now has such a person.

It is reported that the Shanghai team has planned to sign their former assistant coach Liu Peng, who is an assistant coach of the national team. Liu Peng’s coaching ability is really good. In recent seasons, he has been able to coach in the national team every time, and Du Feng has trusted him. The most important point is that Liu Peng has been studying with Li Chunjiang. He is very clear about the players that the Shanghai team is focusing on training now, and Liu Peng has a resume of overseas study. He is very worthy of being reused by the Shanghai team, but at present, Liu Peng is only the temporary acting head coach in the Shanghai team, and the team depends on his later performance. The Shanghai team has invested a lot of money in recent seasons, and they will almost start to pursue achievements next season.

Sister Luo thinks that Liu Peng is a coach who is more suitable for the Shanghai team. He has always served as an assistant coach in the team, and Liu Peng is a coach who is very willing to think. However, when he was the head coach of the Shanghai team, the team’s performance was not ideal, so Liu Peng was forced to leave class. Now he is not the same as he was then. Liu Peng has also made progress and promotion. The Shanghai team can fully trust his ability. In a word, Liu Peng’s coaching ability is not bad, otherwise he would not be able to enter the national team. Now there are many coaches that China men’s basketball team can choose, and he can be elected as the assistant coach of the national team, which at least proves that Liu Peng’s coaching ability has been recognized.

Liu Peng, Acting Head Coach of Shanghai Team, gave guidance.

The second news is about Cummings, a small foreign aid of Guangsha team. Recently, a well-known basketball reporter broke the news that Cummings has followed Guangsha team to Dongguan to prepare for the life-and-death battle with Guangdong team. However, fans are not too happy to hear this news. Many people think that Guangsha team should give up Cummings because his physical confrontation ability is really poor. In the face of Guangdong team’s tough defense, Cummings’ role is completely inferior to Wells’.

It’s hard to imagine that a foreign aid will be rejected by the fans, and the fans of Guangsha team really don’t want to see Cummings play. In the case of reusing Wells in the second game, Guangsha team won the final victory. Maybe it’s a good idea to abandon Cummings, but director Wang Bo still trusts him. This season, he prefers to use Cummings as a foreign aid, and Wells didn’t have so many chances to play before.

Sister Luo thinks that the fans of Guangsha team don’t have to worry. Even if Cummings follows the team to Dongguan, he may not be able to play. Now the list of 12 people in Guangsha team is redundant. Cummings can enter the big list first to see the situation. If Wells’ effect is not very good, then Cummings can play and give it a try. Comparatively speaking, Cummings’ three-point shooting percentage will be higher than Wells’, and his speed will be faster than Wells’s.

Guangsha team’s small foreign aid Will Cummings

The third news is about China insider who is playing in the United States. He is one of the most promising young insider players in China at present. He is only 16 years old this year, and his height has reached 2.12 meters. His wingspan data is 2.30 meters, which is definitely a top insider talent. When playing in American high schools this season, he can send out five blocked shots per game, which is quite scary.

In fact, from the perspective of static talent, there is a certain gap between Chisinan and Zhou Qi. qi zhou’s wingspan data has reached 2.36 meters, but Chisinan’s advantage is that he went to the United States to play earlier. Recently, Chisinan won the offer from the University of Alabama, a well-known NCAA team. The University of Alabama defeated the China men’s basketball team once in the European warm-up match. From this point, it can be seen that,

Sister Luo thinks that as long as they are truly talented players in China, they should sign up for the Cai Chongxin Foundation for Studying Abroad. Qi Sinan went to play in the United States through the sponsorship of Mr. Cai Chongxin. He not only had the opportunity to attack the NBA, but more importantly, Qi Sinan could only participate in the CBA draft after returning to China in the future. He could not directly sign contracts with other CBA teams. This is a very critical issue. In the future, more outstanding players will become the top draft players in the CBA draft.

Chisnan was invited by the University of Alabama.

At present, the value of the top pick in the draft of CBA league is far from enough. Like last year’s draft, there should have been many other young players. Fans all think that Wang Quanze will definitely be the top pick. However, no one expected that Wang Quanze had already signed a contract with the Guangzhou team.

However, if Chisnan can’t play in the NBA league in the future, he will definitely be an explosive top pick when he returns home. Which fishing team can get Chisnan, they have a good chance to rise. At least from the current situation, Chisnan has a strong dominance on the defensive end, and he is likely to be an inside player of qi zhou level in the future.

Summary of the most complete AI tool websites in the whole network, it is enough to read this article!

With the continuous development and application of artificial intelligence technology,

More and more tools and software can help 3D modelers and artists.

Create and express our works better.

We have specially collected the navigation websites of AI related tools.

They can help you improve your work efficiency, creative inspiration and creative expression.

So as to better show their creativity and imagination.

AI navigation website

An AI navigation website created by Chinese people not only integrates famous AI websites at home and abroad, but also has special registration and use guides and related information, which can be said to be very intimate!

Another navigation station, although there is no relevant tutorial, covers a wider range of industries and is quite good.

Compared with the first two websites, it is almost interesting, but it is also collected for a rainy day!

There is not much included, but it is completely enough!

Foreign websites can see the latest AI popularity rankings and understand the latest trends of AI.

In addition to the above,

There are also some foreign websites.

I’m also attached here, but

Model friends can visit by themselves!

Home

There may be some content that needs magic.

What other excellent AI websites do you recommend?

Welcome to share in the message area!

Yes, please click one to watch.

Kill the fish in the 90 th minute! Great Paris gave birth to two kings overnight, and 2-1 is not enough： it is already a spent force.

In the 27th round of Ligue 1, Paris Saint-Germain quickly got out of the shadow of losing 2-0 to Bayern in the quarter-finals of the Champions League, and this game won 2-1 and made profits, with its record picking up. Brest, ranked 15th in the French Ligue 1 standings, was played away by Barley, and Sohler and Mbappé each scored one goal, which was one of the heroes of the victory in Paris. Aunola also scored one goal for brest, which was once even. Messi also played well in this campaign and completed wonderful assists.

After being knocked out of the Champions League, Barley wanted to concentrate on the French Championship. The head coach Garger sent 4222 system in this game, Messi cooperated with Mbappé in double shooting, Fabian Ruiz and Sohler cooperated with double avant-garde, Virathit cooperated with Zaire-emeri with double midfielders, Nuno Mendes cooperated with Danilo Pereira, Ramos cooperated with Pembele with four defenders, and goalkeeper Donaruma and 11 starters were worth 500 million euros. Brest has an average lineup, with 11 starters worth only 4,380.

Paris Saint-Germain controls the rhythm of the court with its powerful strength, with the ball control rate reaching 61%. Compared with brest’s 17-7 shot, 8-2 shot was a positive comparison, and finally it became a 2-1 winner. The course of the game was very difficult for Balinese, who should have won easily. Obviously, the 2-1 dominance was far from enough. A group of giants had reached the end of their tether, playing hard for anyone, and the offensive and defensive ends were not balanced. On the defensive end, Dali collapsed and collapsed, and the 1-0 lead was tied until the 90-minute lore ended; Offensively, Baali relied heavily on Mbappé and Messi, two superstars, and failed to form a good whole.

In the 37th minute, Mbappé completed a cold shot outside the restricted area by virtue of his personal ability, and the goalkeeper saved the ball. Sohler scored a goal in front of the door and Greater Paris led 1-0. In the 43rd minute, Del Castillo made a long pass and Aunola, who was inserted before the assist, scored a goal with a single shot, and brest scored 1-1 in Paris. After 90 minutes, Messi finished the delicate and straight plug in the midfield, and Mbappé made a single pass after the forward insertion, and went straight through the goalkeeper and scored an empty goal to help the team beat brest 2-1.

Great Paris, the winner of this game, finally won 21 matches in Ligue 1 this season, leading the Ligue 1 standings with 21 wins, 3 draws, 3 losses and 66 points. Marseille, the second-ranked city, won 17 wins, 4 draws and 5 losses, and scored 55 points in a match in Bali. From the data point of view, Greater Paris produced two kings in one night, Messi completed the thirteenth assist in Ligue 1 in the season, crowned the assist king in the five major leagues of the season and surpassed De Braune by 12 points; Mbappé was promoted to the top French shooter in the history of Paris team, scoring 138 goals on behalf of Paris, and tied with cavani as the best French shooter in history.

As the saying goes, one mountain can’t accommodate two tigers, and the two kings of Paris are about to part ways, and their MMN combination with Neymar is on the verge of collapse. Three people have won the Champions League for two consecutive seasons, which proves that they can’t achieve the effect of 1 plus 1 plus 1=3. Messi refused to renew the contract with Paris, and the contract expired in the summer; Neymar was reimbursed for the season, and Dali also made a decision to sell him voluntarily; Ramos, another big star, also signed the contract in the summer window, and there is no sign of renewing the contract so far. According to the analysis of L ‘Equipe, the Greater Paris will be rebuilt again this summer, and a team will be formed around Mbappé while solving financial problems and reducing salary expenses, which will further promote the transfer of Messi and Neymar.

Terzic： After losing to Chelsea, Dortmund criticized himself and wanted to win the Ruhr Derby with all his strength.

Live broadcast on March 11 th, Beijing time on Sunday morning, Dortmund will usher in the Ruhr Derby against Schalke. In an interview before the game, Dortmund coach Terzic talked about the game.

Terzic said: "Derby always comes at the right time. Not only are we looking forward to it, but the whole Ruhr area is looking forward to it. This is a regular game, but the atmosphere and intensity of the game are different. It is meaningless to look at the league rankings of the two teams. Schalke’s performance is very good and he will try to put pressure on us. "

"After being eliminated by Chelsea, we were disappointed. We criticized ourselves and now we are very eager to win. There are still 14 games this season, including 11 Bundesliga games and 3 cup games. We hope to win in these 14 games. "

This is Alai’s first time to participate in the Ruhr Derby, and Terzic said: "This is the competition they want to participate in. When they join Dortmund, they want to participate in such a competition. This is a very special game. When the football game is defined with a new name, you will know the importance of the game. After defeating Leipzig last week, the fans asked us to win the derby, and we don’t want to live up to their expectations. "

9.3.2 Another computing machine 2

This book regards the conceived language machine as the latest development of language media system tools, and language machines can also be analyzed and compared in the history of computing machines.

When Turing conceived the Turing machine, he began by observing the process of people’s calculation on paper with pens. The Turing machine device conceived was used to simulate the behavior of human beings in the calculation process. Turing machine models calculation problems by establishing rules about symbols, internal states, and how input and state determine output. Simply put, given the input, Turing machine can output regularly. The idea of Turing machine is more from the machine, which is reflected in the fact that the atomic operation of Turing machine is based on a character: reading a character, making judgment and processing, and the output is only a character or no output. This is unnatural to understand from a human perspective. The object of concern in manual calculation operation is various expressions, which may be a single symbol only under certain circumstances. In this book, we regard calculation as equivalence in expression-substitution as a calculation operation. In an abstract sense, Turing machine’s output from input to rule can also be regarded as a replacement operation. Only the substitution of a single symbol is not a human computing behavior pattern. The effect is the same problem, usually Turing machine needs to establish more rules.

As mentioned earlier, Turing machine is equivalent to Chomsky’s type 2 grammar. The basis of Chomsky’s grammar theory, such as production rules, is also a substitution operation in nature. Chomsky’s grammar theory forms the grammatical basis of modern programming languages. A few months before Turing submitted his paper, the American mathematician alonzo church (June, 1903–August, 1995) submitted his paper "Explanation on Deterministic Problems", which also proved that there was no solution to the deterministic problems. Qiu Qi’s argument is based on Lambda calculus. Qiu Qi’s Lambda calculus is equivalent to Turing machine’s computing power. By studying the theory of Lambda calculus, we can find that the operation of calculus is obviously embodied in recursive symbol replacement. Through more investigation of the history of computing machines, other computing machine models based on similar replacement operation designs can be found. Turing machine thought does not explain where the rules from input to output come from, which is regarded as open. Church’s Lambda calculus theory, Chomsky grammar theory and other theories and models are also considered from a specific technical point of view. In this book, calculation is not studied as an independent topic, but in the context of the use of symbols. The replacement rules on which calculation is based can be classified as equivalence relations in knowledge or facts, including existing equivalence relations and potentially derivable equivalence relations. The background on which this book is based enables machines to be used as tools for language media systems.

Modern computer is an engineering realization of turing machine, and turing machine is not only realized by modern computer. The processing of modern computers is ultimately decomposed into arithmetic and logical calculations. Turing machine theory itself has no such requirement, which is only determined by the technical route. The consistency of binary system and its calculation in symbol and physics has brought modern computers. In the concept of language machine, the process based on substitution-transformation can have special advantages in terms of the efficiency of calculation execution. Because it can operate directly on any level of expression, it reduces the process of decomposition back to atomic operation. A substitution-transformation operation in expression corresponds to many times of atomic arithmetic, logical calculation operations and corresponding internal communication of modern computers, and theoretically, the consumption of space and time will be smaller.

Using the present computer, it is possible to simulate the ability to perform substitution-transformation operations at the expression level, or to package a programming language based on substitution-transformation operations. For the goal of language machine, these schemes have only limited verification significance. First of all, this brings some kind of cycle: virtual replacement-conversion operation based on logical and arithmetic calculation, and logical and mathematical calculation based on replacement-conversion operation. Conceptually, this book thinks that substitution-transformation is a more basic operation than logical and arithmetic calculation. Secondly, it sacrifices the possible efficiency advantages of language machines. The conception, design and implementation of language machine may draw lessons from some current computer technologies, and the overall use mode is difficult to be compared with the use of von Neumann machine. It can be predicted that the language machine will be realized, and its ability will not exceed that of a universal Turing machine, which does not constitute a key evaluation of the language machine. What the language machine pursues is the effects that can be brought by the new man-machine collaboration, which are first of all for people.

If the language machine is finally realizable, will it be dedicated or can it be used as a new universal machine? It is too early to think about such a problem now. It can be seen that the discussion in this book is basically limited to the scope of theoretical knowledge. By comparison, the application of computers is mainly in the fields of technology and engineering. In the problem solving in these fields, many problems are not typical calculation problems; Empirical rules are equally important for solving all kinds of problems, and they are not all deducible from theory. This book is to understand the language machine from the perspective of language tools, and to support people’s use of symbols is always the first. On the other hand, once the machine shows some potential, people will try to maximize the potential of the machine, which is easier to carry out and may be counterproductive to the goal of using human-oriented symbols by the machine.

In application, the depth of language mechanism and content of language machine is related to the problems considered by artificial intelligence at present, so the two can also be compared. Fundamentally, their ideological starting points are different. The primary goal of language machine is to replace tools such as paper, pen, ink and computer to support the construction and use of human language and realize more effective use of human language with the help of tools. Contemporary artificial intelligence generally uses machines to simulate the intellectual behavior of the human brain, so that more jobs that were originally done by people can be replaced by machines. This book regards human intelligence as developing or expanding with the use of symbols, rather than a roughly fixed model that can be imitated and replaced by machines.

While better cooperating with the use of symbols by human beings, the knowledge possessed by human beings and machines can be more and more similar, and the knowledge possessed by machines can exceed the capacity of any human individual; In the past, more and more symbolic regular operations performed by people can be performed by machines, and they are more efficient; At this point, it is no problem to say that the behavior shown by the machine is intelligent. Let’s look at a concrete example, the relationship between category and instance. A is a category, and X is an example under the category. We say that X belongs to A, and the word "belonging" can be understood by interpretation. It is doubtful whether the understanding formed by this explanation is really effective, and it is impossible for us to explain the machine like this. Now, we can realize such a mechanism: X is an example under category A, which contains any proposition of A. You can replace A with X, and the proposition still holds. This substitutable relationship can be actually implemented by the machine in a specific context. From the operational sense, the language machine shows that it has understood that "X is an example under category A". Machines don’t understand whether symbolic units have meaning or not, just like people do. On the other hand, an important sign of understanding is to know how to operate symbols.

A popular view is that modern computers are good at dealing with structured and regular knowledge, but they are not good at dealing with unstructured and open knowledge, such as common sense. With the development of machines in the latter direction, we can understand and imitate human intelligence more. First of all, this book does not think that a perfect understanding of structured rule knowledge has been established, and this theory has been disintegrated in machine application. Modern computers began with computing as an independent theme. To this end, this book has established its own theory, the core point is: knowledge is expressed based on equivalence relation, and calculation is based on equivalence relation. On this basis, we discuss how to build knowledge in the machine, thus making the machine have deduction ability. What is important is the structured and regular knowledge, which corresponds to the expansion of human intelligence and cognition by symbols. From the perspective of the division of labor between machines and humans, it is a reasonable way to improve or innovate tools to enhance this expansion.

The emphasis on common sense makes natural language a core theme of artificial intelligence. Through the establishment of a complex language model and statistical calculation on a large number of corpus, the machine also shows a certain language processing ability. From the economic point of view, these advances can be of great value. Most white-collar jobs are fixed jobs and do not need real creativity. It is possible that these processes are close to some parts of human intelligence, but this will not be the core part. The deductive ability of a language machine, ideally, can calculate all possible conclusions from the currently known theories and facts. This ability is the part of human intelligence expanded by symbols. This book only re-understands and realizes this part of intelligence as a more general way.

When the system we build shows that we can name, define, form new cognition and express, and ask questions, we can probably say that it is close to the core of human intelligence. This may require more systematic research, and a continuous understanding from perceptual experience to symbol system and from natural language to abstract symbol system can be established before we can find out whether there are some forms of intelligence that always depend on it. This book is more concerned about whether we can develop new forms and ways of using symbols, so that human beings can use symbols more efficiently.

Will artificial intelligence reduce human creativity？

This is a controversial topic. As an efficient and intelligent tool, artificial intelligence can help people complete some tasks that require a lot of calculation and analysis, such as natural language processing, image recognition, data analysis and so on. In the past, these tasks may require human beings to invest a lot of time and energy, but with the development of artificial intelligence technology, these tasks can be completed more quickly and accurately, thus saving human time and energy and enabling people to concentrate more on creative work.

However, some people think that artificial intelligence will reduce human creativity. Because artificial intelligence is a "non-human" technology, its working principle and thinking mode are different from human beings. Some people think that when people rely too much on artificial intelligence to complete certain tasks, they will gradually lose their creative thinking, because they only need to complete tasks according to the guidance of machine learning algorithms, and do not need to think about solving problems themselves. This kind of mechanical repetitive work may make people gradually lose in-depth thinking and creative solutions to problems.

However, some people think that artificial intelligence will not reduce human creativity, on the contrary, it will stimulate human creativity. Artificial intelligence can process a large amount of data quickly and accurately, and extract rules and patterns from it. These patterns and patterns can be used as inspiration for human creative thinking, so that human beings can better understand problems and find solutions. In addition, artificial intelligence can accomplish some mechanical repetitive work, so that human beings can be more involved in creative work, which will promote human creativity.

Therefore, whether artificial intelligence will have an impact on human creativity still needs to be observed and explored. While using artificial intelligence, we also need to keep our creative thinking and play, and constantly look for innovative ideas and methods to meet the ever-developing social needs.

Go their separate ways after three months？ Meme teamed up with the 300th assists of the king’s career.

After cleaning icardi and Sarabia, Paris’ goals this season depend entirely on NMM Trident. Now that Neymar has been reimbursed for the serious injury season, Paris can only rely entirely on Messi and Mbappé. In the face of Bayern, the overall strength of Paris is obviously insufficient, and Messi and Mbappé failed to create miracles. When facing brest tonight, the familiar Meme’s flirtation appeared on the pitch again. Thanks to the excellent performances of Messi and Mbappé, Paris won a 2-1 away game.

The first goal in Paris belongs to Sohler, but the real heroes are Messi and Mbappé. Paris’s conventional offensive means can’t break Brest’s iron drum array. The key to breaking the game is the two superstars on the front line. Messi made a breakthrough on the right. After attracting many people to defend, he sent the ball to the top of the arc in the penalty area, and Mbappé was in a defensive vacuum. Mbappé’s subsequent long-range shot, though at a positive angle, was surprisingly powerful. Bizot managed to save the ball and finally got rid of it, which led to Sohler’s follow-up shot.

After the Paris defence unexpectedly gave gifts again, Meme made a pass to help the French leader score the winning goal in the 90th minute. This goal stands out as a clean one. When receiving a direct pass from the backcourt, Messi shook his left ankle slightly on the right side of the midfield, while Mbappé pressed the offside line in the middle to start the sprint. When Mbappé got the ball, he didn’t have any defenders around him, only the goalkeeper Bizot was left in front of him. Mbappé easily broke through Bizot with a vertical acceleration, and the Frenchman then pushed the ball into the empty net. In a flash, Messi and Mbappé decided the trend of the whole game.

This goal is the 3000th goal of Paris in the top league. This assist is the 300th in Messi’s career. He assisted 269 times in Paris and 29 times in Paris. In the five major leagues this season, Messi has assisted 13 times, and he beat Braune to lead Europe. This goal is Mbappé’s 40th goal in the club and national team this season. Mbappé has scored 40+ goals in four seasons, and he is the first French player to do this in five major leagues. Mbappé scored 138 French goals for Paris, tied with cavani for the first place in history, and tied Lille striker David with 19 goals in the French top scorer list.

After nearly two years of cooperation, Messi and Mbappé obviously have a better understanding. However, judging from the current situation, the probability of disintegration of NMM Trident in Paris after three months is quite high. Messi’s contract is about to expire, and at present he prefers not to renew it. Mbappé and Real Madrid had an affair again, and Neymar was pushed into the transfer market for the nth time. This group of tridents, which had high hopes, failed to achieve the expected success because of the top-heaviness in the Paris lineup. Paris missed the quarter-finals of the Champions League for two consecutive seasons, and this transcript is not a pass anyway.

Comparing the four virtual human companies, who do you choose？

The application of virtual human technology is more and more extensive and mature. Microsoft Xiao Bing, Iflytek, Silicon-based Intelligence and Fengping Intelligence are all highly influential companies in the field of virtual human. Let’s take a look at the outstanding advantages of the four virtual human companies!

Comparison of technical strength and popularity: Microsoft Xiao Bing and Iflytek are leading artificial intelligence companies at home and abroad. They have deep technical accumulation in natural language processing and speech recognition, and have the leading technical strength in the world.

Xiao Bing, as a digital employee, is loved by many users, and also highly praised in the industry, such as the digital employee "Cui Xiaopan".

Iflytek has excellent technical strength in the fields of speech synthesis and speech recognition, and its developed virtual human images, such as the host of the World Artificial Intelligence Conference and the virtual "Wang Bingbing" of the Winter Olympics, are also very popular.

Comparison of application scope: Silicon-based intelligence and leveling intelligence are better in the application scope of virtual human technology. The virtual human applications of silicon-based intelligence and Pingping intelligence have covered many fields such as education, medical care, advertising and e-commerce. In the field of education, virtual people can be used for online education counseling, curriculum promotion, etc. In the medical field, it can be applied to health consultation, medical diagnosis and so on.

Comparison of making and customizing digital people;Silicon-based intelligence and Pingping intelligence have a large number of digital people libraries, which can select digital people with different images to appear in the camera, and can be driven by text and voice. It is also relatively simple to customize digital people’s images. Providing real-life videos can generate digital avatars through modeling.

Price comparison: In terms of price, compared with silicon-based intelligence, Iflytek and Microsoft Xiao Bing, Fengping Intelligence is more affordable and can provide faster digital human production services. Because of its technological innovation and high production efficiency of digital people, Fengping Intelligent can reduce the production cost, introduce a more affordable price scheme and attract more customers.

Generally speaking, Microsoft Xiao Bing and Iflytek have higher technical strength and popularity, while silicon-based intelligence and Pingping intelligence are superior in the application scope of virtual human, and the price of Pingping intelligence is lower. When choosing a virtual human production company, you can choose a company that suits you according to your own needs and budget.

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