分类归档 jghj

　　CCTV News:It’s time for everyone to "buy in buy buy" again. In the "Double Eleven" shopping festival, all major e-commerce platforms have already delivered eye-catching performances. Amazing turnover figures, huge market scale and perfect trading system, these characteristics of China’s e-commerce industry have amazed foreign media.

　　China’s "Double Eleven" shopping festival, what shocked foreign media most was the amazing turnover figures and the huge e-commerce market behind it. Reuters wrote that China’s "Double Eleven" is similar to the "Black Friday" in the United States, but it has been completely crushed in scale: a research report predicts that the e-commerce market in China will reach 1.94 trillion US dollars in 2019, ranking first in the world; The United States ranks second, but the scale is only $587 billion.

　　The report also shows that China’s share of the global e-commerce market is as high as 54.7%, nearly twice the total of the five countries ranked after China.

　　China’s e-commerce market has brought huge business opportunities to enterprises from all over the world.

　　This is a product launch conference hosted by Japanese manufacturers in Beijing at the end of October. Debut is a "beauty instrument" with a price of nearly 26,000 yuan, which has the function of cleaning pores and improving facial lines. This is a new product specially released for Double Eleven.

　　According to NHK TV, the enterprise producing this advanced beauty instrument is from Gifu County, Japan, and it is a small and medium-sized enterprise with only 100 employees. Since 2017, this company has started to cooperate with China e-commerce to promote its products through the Internet in China. Japanese media said that "Double Eleven" has now become a festival that cannot be ignored in China. In order to compete with large enterprises for market share, small and medium-sized enterprises in Japan focus their marketing on young people in their twenties. When selling through live webcasting, the top management of this enterprise that produces beauty instruments also took the stage in person. The concept of Double Eleven Shopping Festival has also moved from China to other Asian countries and even the whole world.

　　In Russia, the "Chopper Party" is also enjoying the "Buy in buy buy". In recent years, AliExpress, Alibaba’s cross-border e-commerce platform, has held "Double Eleven" shopping activities in Russia, and the number of Russian people participating in it has increased exponentially. AliExpress has also become the most popular e-commerce platform in the region, with almost one in every six Russians using AliExpress. With the increasing popularity of AliExpress, more and more Russians have begun to choose online payment.

Many netizens left messages and wanted to see it. Today it came. Let’s look down with Xiaobian.

Let’s take a look at the appearance of Star Era ET. The front face of Star Era ET looks very compact and stocky. Coupled with the simple and fashionable headlights, the momentum is quite sufficient. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car body, the size of the car body is 4955 mm * 1975 mm * 1698 mm. The car adopts lovely lines, and the side circumference looks very fashionable and generous. With large-sized thick-walled tires, smooth lines run through the whole side of the car. In the design of the rear end, the rear end looks more fashionable and dynamic, the taillights look very deep, and the shape is more fashionable and simple.

In terms of interior, the interior design is very elegant, which is consistent with the positioning of the car. The steering wheel of the car is well designed, equipped with electric up and down+front and rear adjustment, steering wheel memory, steering wheel heating and other functions, and the grip is full and delicate. Let’s take a look at the central control, with the 15.6-inch touch-sensitive LCD central control screen, which makes the interior design quite layered and looks very delicate. Finally, let’s look at the dashboard and seats. The dashboard of the car presents a rounded design style, and the trendy design elements make people remember it at a glance. The car uses leather seats, and the seat wrapping is in place, and the overall comfort and wrapping are not bad.

Xing Ji Yuan ET matched gearbox, 413KW, 691N.m, with good power performance.

The space of ET trunk in Xingji Era is excellent as a whole, with regular shape, which is convenient for people to take their luggage. At the same time, the car is equipped with fatigue warning, anti-lock braking (ABS), LED daytime running lights, brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.), brake force distribution (EBD) main driver airbag, co-pilot airbag, side airbag curtain, front side airbag and other safety configurations.

This class of cars can often give consideration to both cost performance and practicality, and is often considered by most consumers as the first choice when buying a car. You might as well go offline to feel it more on weekends.

According to Chongqing Daily, on October 13th, the giant panda Mangzai in Chongqing Zoo gave birth to a male baby for one hundred days, and it is about to collect names. Chongqing Zoo began to breed giant pandas in the 1960s, and began to breed giant panda cubs in the 1980s. At present, Chongqing Zoo has given birth to 31 pandas, and now there are 22 pandas, making it the largest city zoo in China.

A few days ago, the reporter interviewed the panda’s conservationists and learned the story behind their protection and breeding of the once endangered species, the "national treasure" giant panda.

Mangzai gave birth to the fattest baby panda.

On July 6th this year, Mangzai, a giant panda in Chongqing Zoo, successfully gave birth to a male baby. With a birth weight of 191g, the baby is the heaviest individual panda born in Chongqing Zoo.

Zhang Naicheng, director of the Panda Pavilion in Chongqing Zoo, remembers this vividly. “‘ Mangzai ’ In the delivery room, I enjoyed the happiness of being a mother, but our staff on duty tightened their nerves. " Zhang Naicheng told the reporter that from the prenatal period of Mangzai, the staff had several shifts, and the technical director and experienced nurses came. Chongqing Zoo also specially invited experts from Sichuan Wolong Giant Panda Breeding Center.

"Mangzai" has a strong maternal instinct and plenty of milk, and has been feeding her baby by herself. However, the staff still have concerns that the mother panda may be frightened by some unexpected situations and hurt her baby.

"This is a great test of our nurses’ ability to focus on keen insight. It is exaggerated to say that they can hear the sound of a needle falling in a quiet delivery room." Zhang Naicheng mentioned that it is normal to hear the cub’s voice very loud. If there is hoarse voice, further examination is needed. At the same time, we should also observe the frequency of the cub’s behaviors such as breastfeeding and defecation.

Under the careful care of the nurse, the baby’s weight has increased rapidly, and now it has reached 62.6 kg.

"Steal" the cub to keep it alive.

"This is the third time that the Panda Pavilion has been rebuilt and expanded. The Panda Pavilion was built in 1958, expanded for the first time in 1960 and expanded for the second time in 1988. It has the current name Panda Pavilion." Zhang Naicheng took the reporter to visit the new Panda Pavilion which has just been put into use recently.

"The 1980 s and 1990 s were the key years for giant panda breeding. Before that, the survival rate of giant panda breeding was very low." When Zhang Naicheng just joined the work, he heard from the master that Chongqing Zoo began to breed giant pandas in the 1980s, and it was only in 1985 that the first giant panda was successfully bred. None of them survived before.

"At that time, the conditions, technology and experience of giant panda breeding were lacking." Zhang Naicheng remembers that air conditioning was not installed in the Panda Pavilion before. In order to prevent the pandas from heatstroke, they needed to transport a lot of ice cubes to cool the pandas. If they meet a cub that needs artificial feeding, they use their bodies to warm the baby … … "Later, we had an incubator with a constant temperature of around 27 degrees." Zhang Naicheng said that in the 1990s, the emergence of incubators solved the problems of temperature and humidity.

In addition, twins are also a problem that restricts the breeding of giant pandas. After a giant panda gives birth to twins, it usually discards one and keeps only one. "In this case, one of the cubs ‘ Steal ’ And find a way to make it drink milk. " Zhang Naicheng said that it is difficult for cubs to survive if they can’t eat breast milk.

Thanks to technical improvement and accumulated experience, Zhang Naicheng and his colleagues witnessed the success of twin feeding. In 2006, Yaya, a giant panda in Chongqing Zoo, gave birth to twins. "Me and ‘ Yaya ’ Familiar, seize the opportunity of its distraction, stole the cub, that is, the later ‘ Youyou ’ 。” Zhang Naicheng recalled that in order to get breast milk, he once again risked getting close to Yaya and successfully obtained breast milk. Under the breast feeding, the twins survived healthily.

Young nurses are happy to take care of pandas.

Now, what makes Zhang Naicheng most happy is that the cause of giant panda breeding has not lost its appeal to young people, and a group of new people are gradually stirring up the beam, with more sound knowledge structure and more scientific breeding technology.

Liu Xiao, 30, is a "new wet nurse". She graduated from Southwest University with a major in animal science. She has worked in the Panda Pavilion for five years. "I am young among my colleagues, but I am not a novice." Liu Xiao told reporters.

"Pandas look cute, but they are actually very aggressive. It takes patience, love and professional knowledge to take care of them." Liu Xiao said that the nurse arrives at work before 8 am every day to clean and clean the bamboo leaves eaten by giant pandas … … "Our work is not as simple as ordinary cleaning. We should carefully observe how much food giant pandas ate yesterday and how much they defecated in one day. These are all references for judging the health status of giant pandas and need professional knowledge to analyze." Liu Xiao said.

After cleaning, Liu Xiao and his colleagues went into the kitchen to prepare "concentrated feed", including "Wowotou" made of biscuits, rice, corn, wheat, beef, fish and staple bamboo. At 10 o’clock in the morning, the nurse began to feed the giant panda, and observed the feeding situation and mental state of the giant panda at the same time. "Giant pandas need to eat five or six times a day, and every time we have to make a record, we should be patient to feed them day after day." Liu Xiao said.

"I am very happy to join the big family of giant panda caregivers. It is a very happy thing to take care of them when I come back every day." Liu Xiao said.

Chongqing Daily reporter Cui Yao

Original title: Urban Zoo with the Most Pandas in China — — The Story Behind Giant Panda Breeding in Chongqing Zoo

Editor: Xia Hongling Editor: Wu Zhonglan Audit: Feng Fei

red alert for rainstorms

The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a red rainstorm warning at 10: 00 on July 30:

Since July 29th, there have been heavy rainstorms in central and southern Hebei, central and southern Beijing, Tianjin, eastern Shanxi, central and northern Henan, central and western Shandong, heavy rainstorms in parts of central and southern Hebei, northern Henan, eastern Shanxi and western Shandong, heavy rainstorms (250-540mm) in parts of mountainous areas in central and southern Hebei and northwestern Henan, with the maximum hourly rainfall intensity of 20-40 in most areas.

It is estimated that there will be heavy rainstorms in most parts of Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, central and eastern Shanxi, northern Henan and western Shandong from 14: 00 on July 30 to 14: 00 on July 31, among which there will be heavy rainstorms in parts of eastern Shanxi, central and southern Hebei and most parts of Beijing, and heavy rainstorms (250-350 mm) in parts of central Hebei and western Beijing. There are heavy rains or rainstorms in central Anhui, eastern Hubei, northwestern Hunan, eastern Fujian, northern and southern Guangxi, southwestern Yunnan, southern Sichuan, southeastern Heilongjiang, northern Jilin and northeastern Xinjiang. Some of the above areas have short-term heavy rainfall (the maximum hourly rainfall is 20 ~ 40 mm, and the local area can exceed 60 mm), and there are strong convective weather such as thunderstorms and strong winds.

Defense guide:

1, the government and relevant departments in accordance with their duties to do a good job in emergency and rescue work against heavy rain;

2. Stop the assembly, suspend classes or business (except for special industries);

3, do a good job in mountain torrents, landslides, mudslides and other disasters prevention and rescue work.

Yellow warning of severe convective weather

The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a yellow warning of strong convective weather at 10: 00 on July 30.

It is estimated that from 14: 00 on July 30 to 14: 00 on July 31, there will be thunderstorms or hailstorms of magnitude 8-10 and local magnitude 11 or above in parts of southeastern Heilongjiang, central and western Jilin, central and southern Hebei, southern Beijing, Tianjin, north-central Shandong, eastern Henan, north-central Anhui, eastern and southwestern Jiangsu, northern Shanghai and northwestern Guizhou. Southeastern Heilongjiang, north-central Jilin, south-central Shaanxi, eastern and southern Shanxi, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, north-central Henan, eastern and southwestern Anhui, southern Jiangsu, Hubei, northern Hunan, northwestern Jiangxi, eastern Zhejiang, southern and northwestern Fujian, southern Sichuan, central and western Guizhou, northeastern and southern Yunnan, Guangxi, southwestern and eastern Guangdong, northern and southwestern Hainan Island, and central Taiwan Province Island.

Defense guide:

1. The government and relevant departments shall, in accordance with their duties, do a good job in emergency defense against short-term rainstorm, lightning protection and strong wind, and the meteorological department shall prepare for artificial hail suppression and conduct operations at the right time;

2. The driver should slow down when passing through the waterlogged section to confirm the safety before passing, and the traffic control department should take traffic control measures and traffic guidance in the heavy rainfall section and waterlogged section according to the road conditions;

3. Outdoor personnel should reduce or suspend outdoor work in open places, choose to enter buildings with strong wind resistance and lightning protection measures, and close doors and windows away from dangerous power sources;

4. Airports, railways, highways and water transportation units should take measures such as flight restriction, speed limit or temporary closure to ensure personnel and traffic safety. Water operations and passing ships in relevant waters should return to Hong Kong to evade and strengthen port facilities;

5. Check the drainage systems of cities, farmland and fish ponds, and make necessary drainage measures and prepare for disasters such as mountain torrents, landslides and mudslides.

Meteorological red warning of mountain torrent disaster

The Ministry of Water Resources and the China Meteorological Bureau jointly issued a meteorological red warning for mountain torrents.

The Ministry of Water Resources and the China Meteorological Bureau jointly issued a meteorological warning of red mountain torrents at 18: 00 on July 29th: It is predicted that mountain torrents are likely to occur in parts of southwestern Beijing, western Hebei and eastern Shanxi from 20: 00 on July 29th to 20: 00 on July 30th (orange warning), and local mountain torrents are very likely to occur (red warning). In other areas, flash floods may also be caused by local short-term heavy rainfall. Please pay attention to real-time monitoring, flood prevention and early warning, and transfer and avoidance.

Meteorological risk early warning of geological disasters

The Ministry of Natural Resources and the China Meteorological Bureau jointly issued a meteorological risk warning for geological disasters at 18: 00 on July 29.

It is estimated that from 20: 00 on July 29th to 20: 00 on July 30th, the meteorological risk of geological disasters will be higher in parts of western and northern Beijing, northern Tianjin, western, central and northeastern Hebei, eastern Shanxi, eastern Liaoning, southern Jilin, eastern Zhejiang, eastern Fujian, western and northern Henan, western Chongqing, western Yunnan, central Shaanxi and eastern Gansu (yellow warning), among which southwestern Beijing and western Hebei. Please pay attention to local residents to prevent geological disasters caused by precipitation, especially in the area near the hidden danger points of geological disasters.

Beijing

The Beijing Meteorological Observatory issued a rainstorm red warning signal.

The Municipal Flood Control Office reminds that the Municipal Meteorological Observatory upgraded and released the rainstorm red warning signal at 17: 30 on July 29, 2023: It is expected that there will be heavy rain in this city from the night of July 29 to the night of August 1, especially in the west and south. The main rainfall process occurred from 02: 00 on the 30th to 20: 00 on the 31st. There were heavy rains in the whole city, and there were heavy rains in some areas of Fangshan, Mentougou, Changping, Haidian, Shijingshan, Fengtai, Yanqing, Daxing, Tongzhou, Xicheng, Dongcheng and Chaoyang. The secondary disasters such as floods, flash floods and geological disasters in small and medium-sized rivers induced by heavy precipitation in mountainous areas and shallow mountainous areas are at greater risk, and water accumulation is easy to occur in low-lying areas of cities. Please pay attention to prevention.

The Beijing Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow warning signal for lightning.

The Municipal Flood Control Office reminds that the Municipal Meteorological Observatory will continue to issue a yellow warning signal for lightning at 10: 00 on July 30, 2023: It is estimated that there will still be lightning activities in this city from 11: 00 on July 30 to 09: 00 on August 1, and the local short-term rain is strong, accompanied by a short-term gale of magnitude 7 or so. Please take precautions.

The Beijing Meteorological Observatory issued a blue warning signal for strong winds.

The Municipal Meteorological Observatory issued a blue gale warning signal at 08: 20 on July 30, 2023: It is estimated that the average wind force in most parts of the city will be about 4 from 09: 00 on the 30 th to 14: 00 on the 31 ST, and the gust can reach 7 or 8. Please take precautions.

Beijing flood control headquarters launched the city’s flood control red (first-class) early warning response.

July 2919: 00The Beijing Flood Control Headquarters launched the city’s flood control red (first-class) early warning response. The municipal flood control headquarters reminded the general public not to go out unless necessary, and asked all units to implement the response measures and make relevant preparations.

Hebei

Hebei Meteorological Observatory issued rainstorm red warning signal.

The Hebei Meteorological Observatory continued to release the rainstorm at 07: 47 on July 30, 2023. red warning signal: From 20: 00 on July 28 to 6: 00 on July 30, there were already more than 100 mm of rainfall in Shijiazhuang, Xingtai and Handan, and some stations exceeded 400 mm. It is estimated that from July 30th to 31st, the heavy rainfall area in Hebei Province will move northward, and some areas in southern Zhangjiakou, Baoding, xiong’an new area, Langfang and western Shijiazhuang will have torrential rain (250-450mm), with the local cumulative amount reaching more than 600mm. Most other areas will have heavy rain (50-200mm), accompanied by short-term heavy rainfall (the maximum hourly rainfall is 30-200mm). Please take precautions!

Hebei Meteorological Observatory issued a red warning for mountain torrents.

The Water Resources Department of Hebei Province and the Meteorological Bureau of Hebei Province jointly issued a meteorological warning for mountain torrents at 17: 00 on July 29th: It is estimated that mountain torrents are likely to occur in the western mountainous areas of Handan, Xingtai, Shijiazhuang and Baoding from 20: 00 on July 29th to 20: 00 on July 30th (red warning). There is a high possibility of local flash floods in Zhangjiakou (Yuxian and Zhuolu) (orange warning). Zhangjiakou (Huai ‘an, Yangyuan, Xuanhua, Xiahuayuan District, Huailai, Economic Development Zone, Qiaodong District, Chicheng) is more likely to have mountain torrents (yellow warning). Mountain torrents may occur in Zhangjiakou (Wanquan, qiaoxi district and Chongli), Chengde (Xinglong) and Tangshan (Zunhua, Fengrun and Yutian) (blue warning). Please pay attention to real-time monitoring, flood prevention and early warning, and transfer and avoidance.

Tianjin

Tianjin Meteorological Observatory issued yellow rainstorm warning signal.

Tianjin Meteorological Observatory issued the yellow rainstorm warning signal at 14: 30 on July 29th: It is predicted that there will be heavy rain to heavy rain in Tianjin from midnight today to tomorrow night, with local heavy rain. The average rainfall in the city is 80-130mm, with 180-220mm in some areas and 250-300mm in local areas. Please prepare for the relevant units and personnel.

Tianjin Meteorological Observatory issued a blue warning signal of strong wind.

The Tianjin Meteorological Observatory issued the blue warning signal of land gale at 03: 45 on July 30, 2023: It is estimated that there will be easterly winds of 5-6 and gusts of 7-8 in most areas of Tianjin during the day to the first half of the night. Please take precautions.

Shandong(Province)

Shandong Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow rainstorm warning

The Shandong Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a yellow rainstorm warning at 06: 00 on July 30: Due to the influence of the residual low-pressure circulation of Du Surui, there were moderate to heavy rainstorms in Liaocheng, Dezhou, Binzhou, Jinan, Taian, Jining, Zaozhuang and Linyi on the 30 th, and there were thunderstorms or showers in other areas; On the 31st, there were small to moderate rains in northwestern Shandong, central Shandong and southern Shandong, and some heavy rains turned cloudy, while others turned cloudy with light rains.

Henan(Province)

Henan Meteorological Observatory issued orange rainstorm warning signal.

Henan Meteorological Observatory upgraded and issued an orange rainstorm warning at 19: 00 on July 29: From 18: 00 on July 28 to 18: 00 on July 29, heavy rain occurred in the north-central part of Henan Province, including 68 counties (cities, districts) such as Anyang, Puyang, Hebi, Xinxiang, Jiaozuo, Zhengzhou, Pingdingshan, Luoyang, Xuchang and Kaifeng, and 4 in Huixian, Linzhou, Hebi and qibin district. It is estimated that from 19: 00 on July 29 to 19: 00 on July 30, the rainfall in the north of the Yellow River, in the west and north of Zhengzhou, in the north of Kaifeng, in the middle of Shangqiu and in the east of Zhoukou will reach more than 50 mm, of which the rainfall in some counties and cities in Anyang, Hebi, Puyang, northern Xinxiang, northern Jiaozuo and western Zhengzhou will reach more than 100 mm, and the rainfall in some stations will reach more than 250 mm, accompanied by lightning and short-term heavy precipitation (the maximum hourly rainfall intensity is 50-50) Please pay close attention to the latest forecast information and meteorological disaster warning signals issued by the local meteorological department, and do a good job in prevention and response. Neighboring counties and cities (districts) in the above areas also need attention.

Shanxi

Shanxi Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow rainstorm warning

Shanxi Meteorological Observatory upgraded and issued a yellow rainstorm warning at 10: 39 on July 29, 2023. The warning areas are: eastern Taiyuan, Jinzhong, Yangquan, eastern Linfen, eastern Yuncheng, Changzhi and Jincheng. In the past six hours, the rainfall in some towns and villages in Changzhi and Jincheng has exceeded 50 mm. It is estimated that the rainfall in some areas of eastern Taiyuan, Jinzhong, Yangquan, eastern Linfen, eastern Yuncheng, Changzhi and Jincheng will reach more than 80 mm in the next 24 hours. Please prepare for the relevant units and personnel.

Shanxi Provincial Water Resources Department and Shanxi Meteorological Observatory issued a red warning of meteorological risk of mountain torrents.

The Water Resources Department of Shanxi Province and the Meteorological Bureau of Shanxi Province jointly issued the meteorological risk warning of mountain torrents at 17: 30 on July 29, 2023: It is estimated that from 20: 00 on July 29 to 20: 00 on July 30, 2023, due to the influence of heavy rainfall, the possibility of mountain torrents in eastern Xinzhou, most of Yangquan, eastern Jinzhong, eastern Changzhi and eastern Jincheng in Shanxi Province is very high (red warning). Mountain torrents are more likely to occur in eastern Datong, central Jinzhong, central Changzhi and central Jincheng (orange warning), while mountain torrents may occur in central Datong, eastern Shuozhou, central Xinzhou, Taiyuan, eastern Lvliang, western Jinzhong, western Changzhi, eastern Linfen and western Jincheng (yellow warning), while mountain torrents may occur in central Shuozhou, central Lvliang, central Linfen and eastern Yuncheng (blue warning). Please ask the relevant units and departments in the above-mentioned areas to strengthen the inspection of rivers, reservoirs and warping dams in mountainous areas, and do a good job in real-time monitoring, flood warning, dangerous situation disposal and transfer and hedging; The masses arrange their production and life well, stay away from the edge of the mountain and the valley, avoid the mountain torrents and pay attention to prevent the threat of floods.

Shanxi Provincial Department of Natural Resources and Shanxi Meteorological Observatory issued orange warning of geological disasters.

Shanxi Provincial Department of Natural Resources and Shanxi Meteorological Bureau jointly issued the meteorological risk warning of geological disasters at 17: 38 on July 29, 2023: Due to the strong precipitation, it is estimated that in the next 24 hours, the meteorological risk warning level of geological disasters in eastern Datong, Xinzhou, Taiyuan, Yangquan, Jinzhong, Changzhi and Jincheng will be Grade II orange, which has high meteorological risk of geological disasters; The meteorological risk warning level of geological disasters in some areas such as Shuozhou, Lvliang, Linfen and Yuncheng is Grade III yellow, which has high meteorological risk of geological disasters. Please ask relevant departments to do a good job in the prevention and control of geological disasters.

(Editor: Su Jessie)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 24th

The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China’s Resolution on the Report of the 18th Central Committee

　　(Adopted in The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China on October 24, 2017)

　　The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China approved the report made by the Supreme Leader on behalf of the 18th Central Committee. Holding high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, guided by Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents, Scientific Outlook on Development and Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, the Congress analyzed the development and changes of the international and domestic situation, reviewed and summarized the work and historic changes in the past five years. He made a major political conclusion that Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the main contradiction in our society has been transformed into the contradiction between the people’s growing need for a better life and the unbalanced development, profoundly expounded the historical mission of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in the new era, established the historical position of the supreme leader Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, and put forward the basic strategy of upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. The goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and starting a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way has been set, and comprehensive arrangements have been made for promoting the great cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the new great project of party building in the new era. The report of the 18th Central Committee, adopted by the Congress, depicts the grand blueprint for building a well-off society in an all-round way and winning the great victory of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, further points out the direction of the cause of the party and the state, and is the crystallization of the wisdom of the whole party and people of all ethnic groups throughout the country.It is our Party’s political declaration and program of action that unites and leads the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country to uphold and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and it is a programmatic document of Marxism.

　　The conference held that the theme of the conference expounded in the report is of great significance to our party leading the people to work hard and forge ahead. The whole Party should not forget its original intention, keep in mind its mission, hold high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, win the decisive battle to build a well-off society in an all-round way, win the great victory of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and make unremitting efforts to realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　The Congress spoke highly of the work of the 18th Central Committee. The five years since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China have been extraordinary in the development of the Party and the country, and historic achievements have been made in reform, opening up and socialist modernization. In the past five years, with great political courage and strong responsibility, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has put forward a series of new ideas, new ideas and new strategies, introduced a series of major principles and policies, launched a series of major initiatives, promoted a series of major tasks, solved many problems that have been tried for a long time but not solved, and achieved many major events that were tried but failed in the past, which has promoted historic changes in the cause of the party and the state. The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core bravely faced the great risk test faced by the Party and the outstanding problems existing in the Party, corrected the wind and discipline, combated corruption and punished evil with tenacious will, eliminated the serious hidden dangers existing in the Party and the country, renewed the atmosphere of political life within the Party, significantly improved the political ecology within the Party, significantly enhanced the creativity, cohesion and combat effectiveness of the Party, consolidated the unity and unity of the Party, significantly improved the relationship between the Party and the masses, and made the Party stronger in revolutionary forging, giving off new and powerful vitality. The achievements in the past five years are all-round and groundbreaking, and the changes in the past five years are deep-seated and fundamental.

　　The Congress emphasized that after long-term efforts, Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, which is a new historical orientation for China’s development. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the main contradiction in our society has been transformed into the contradiction between the people’s growing need for a better life and the unbalanced development. The change of the principal contradiction in our society is a historic change that concerns the overall situation and puts forward many new requirements for the work of the party and the state. On the basis of continuing to promote development, we should focus on solving the problem of insufficient development imbalance, vigorously improve the quality and efficiency of development, better meet people’s growing needs in economy, politics, culture, society and ecology, and better promote people’s all-round development and social progress.

　　The congress emphasized that around answering the important issues of the new era, such as what kind of Socialism with Chinese characteristics to uphold and develop and how to uphold and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics, our party deepened its understanding of communist party’s ruling law, socialist construction law and human social development law with a brand-new vision, made arduous theoretical exploration, made great theoretical innovations, and founded the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era. Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era is the inheritance and development of Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents and Scientific Outlook on Development, the latest achievement of Marxism in China, the crystallization of the practical experience and collective wisdom of the Party and the people, an important part of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s theoretical system, and an action guide for the whole party and people to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, which must be adhered to and continuously developed for a long time.

　　The congress emphasized that we should adhere to the Party’s leadership over all work, take the people as the center, deepen reform in an all-round way, adhere to the new development concept, adhere to the people being the masters of the country, adhere to the comprehensive rule of law, adhere to the socialist core value system, adhere to the protection and improvement of people’s livelihood in development, adhere to the harmonious coexistence between man and nature, adhere to the overall national security concept, adhere to the Party’s absolute leadership over the people’s army, adhere to "one country, two systems" and promote the reunification of the motherland, persist in promoting the building of a community of human destiny, All comrades in the Party must fully implement the Party’s basic theory, line and strategy, and better lead the development of the cause of the Party and the people.

　　The congress pointed out that from now until 2020, it is the decisive period for building a well-off society in an all-round way. In accordance with the requirements for building a well-off society in an all-round way put forward by the 16th, 17th and 18th National Congress, we should focus on the key points, fill shortcomings, strengths and weaknesses, and especially resolutely fight the tough battles of preventing and resolving major risks, accurately lifting poverty and preventing pollution, so that building a well-off society in an all-round way can be recognized by the people and stand the test of history.

　　The Congress held that the period from the 19th National Congress to the 20th National Congress was the historical intersection of the goal of "two hundred years". We should not only build a well-off society in an all-round way and achieve the goal of the first century, but also start a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and March towards the goal of the second century. A comprehensive analysis of the international and domestic situation and China’s development conditions can be divided into two stages from 2020 to the middle of this century. In the first stage, from 2020 to 2035, on the basis of building a well-off society in an all-round way, we will struggle for another fifteen years and basically realize socialist modernization. In the second stage, from 2035 to the middle of this century, on the basis of basically realizing modernization, we will strive for another fifteen years to build China into a prosperous, strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful socialist modernization power.

　　The congress agreed to report on the deployment of China’s socialist economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction and ecological civilization construction. The congress stressed that it is necessary to implement the new development concept, build a modern economic system, adhere to quality first and benefit first, take supply-side structural reform as the main line, promote quality change, efficiency change and power change of economic development, make efforts to accelerate the construction of an industrial system with coordinated development of real economy, scientific and technological innovation, modern finance and human resources, and make efforts to build an economic system with effective market mechanism, dynamic micro-subjects and moderate macro-control, so as to continuously enhance China’s economic innovation and competitiveness. It is necessary to deepen the supply-side structural reform, accelerate the construction of an innovative country, implement the rural revitalization strategy, implement the regional coordinated development strategy, accelerate the improvement of the socialist market economic system, promote the formation of a new pattern of comprehensive opening up, and strive to achieve higher quality, more efficient, fairer and more sustainable development. It is necessary to improve the system of people being masters of the country, develop socialist democratic politics, adhere to the organic unity of party leadership, people being masters of the country and governing the country according to law, strengthen the guarantee of the system of people being masters of the country, give play to the important role of socialist deliberative democracy, deepen the practice of governing the country according to law, deepen the reform of institutions and administrative systems, consolidate and develop the patriotic United front, and consolidate and develop a lively, stable and United political situation. We must strengthen cultural self-confidence, promote the prosperity of socialist culture, firmly grasp the leadership of ideological work, cultivate and practice socialist core values, strengthen ideological and moral construction, and prosper and develop socialist literature and art.Promote the development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries, and stimulate the cultural innovation and creativity of the whole nation. We should improve people’s livelihood, strengthen and innovate social governance, grasp the most direct and realistic interests of the people, give priority to the development of education, improve the quality of employment and people’s income, strengthen the construction of social security system, resolutely win the battle against poverty, implement the healthy China strategy, create a social governance pattern of co-construction, co-governance and sharing, effectively safeguard national security, and make people’s sense of acquisition, happiness and security more substantial, secure and sustainable. It is necessary to speed up the reform of ecological civilization system, build a beautiful China, promote green development, focus on solving outstanding environmental problems, increase the protection of ecological systems, reform the ecological environment supervision system, and promote the formation of a new pattern of harmonious development and modernization between man and nature.

　　The Congress stressed that in the face of profound changes in the national security environment and the requirements of the times to strengthen the country and the army, we must adhere to the road of strengthening the army with China characteristics, comprehensively implement the thought of strengthening the army by the supreme leader, implement the military strategic policy under the new situation, build a powerful modern army, navy, air force, rocket army and strategic support force, build a strong and efficient theater joint operational command organization, build a modern operational system with China characteristics, comprehensively promote the modernization of national defense and the army, and build the people’s army into a world-class army.

　　The congress stressed that to maintain the long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong and Macao, we must comprehensively and accurately implement the principles of "one country, two systems", "Hong Kong people ruling Hong Kong" and "Macao people ruling Macao" and a high degree of autonomy, and act in strict accordance with the Constitution and the Basic Law, so that Hong Kong and Macao compatriots can share the historical responsibility of national rejuvenation with the people of the motherland and share the great glory of the motherland’s prosperity and strength. We must continue to adhere to the principle of "peaceful reunification and one country, two systems", expand cross-strait economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation, urge compatriots on both sides of the strait to jointly promote Chinese culture, promote the peaceful development of cross-strait relations, and advance the process of peaceful reunification of the motherland. No one, any organization, any political party will be allowed to split any piece of China territory from China at any time and in any form.

　　The General Assembly agreed with the report’s analysis of the international situation and the proposed foreign policy, and stressed that China will adhere to the path of peaceful development, hold high the banner of peace, development, cooperation and win-win, abide by the foreign policy purpose of safeguarding world peace and promoting common development, unswervingly develop friendly cooperation with other countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, actively promote the "Belt and Road" international cooperation, and continue to actively participate in the reform and construction of the global governance system. We will promote the building of a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness, justice, win-win cooperation, build a community of human destiny, and work with people all over the world to build a world of lasting peace, universal security, common prosperity, openness, tolerance, cleanliness and beauty.

　　The conference emphasized that it is necessary to strike while the iron is hot. To unite and lead the people in the great struggle, advance the great cause and realize the great dream, the Party must unswervingly uphold and improve its leadership and unswervingly build the Party stronger. The general requirements for party building in the new era are: upholding and strengthening the party’s overall leadership, upholding the party’s management of the party and strictly administering the party in an all-round way, taking strengthening the party’s long-term ruling ability, advancement and purity as the main line, taking the party’s political construction as the guide, taking the firm ideals and beliefs as the foundation, focusing on mobilizing the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the whole party, and comprehensively promoting the party’s political construction, ideological construction, organizational construction, work style construction and discipline construction. We should run the system construction through it, deepen the anti-corruption struggle, continuously improve the quality of Party building, and build the Party into a Marxist ruling party that is always in the forefront of the times, wholeheartedly supported by the people, brave in self-revolution, able to withstand all kinds of storms and tests, and full of vitality.

　　The congress stressed that the party’s political construction should be given priority. The whole party must enhance its political awareness, overall awareness, core awareness and conformity awareness, uphold the authority and centralized leadership of the CPC Central Committee, firmly implement the party’s political line, strictly abide by political discipline and rules, and maintain a high degree of consistency with the CPC Central Committee in political stance, political direction, political principles and political road.

　　The Congress called on the whole Party and people of all ethnic groups to closely unite around the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, hold high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, conscientiously study and implement the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, forge ahead with determination, work hard, and continue to struggle for the three historical tasks of promoting modernization, completing the reunification of the motherland, safeguarding world peace and promoting common development, winning the victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way, winning the great victory in Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, realizing the Chinese dream of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and realizing the people’s yearning for a better life!

Titanium media note: On January 31, Beijing time, Tesla released its financial report for the fourth quarter of 2018 and its annual results. According to the financial report, Tesla’s revenue in the fourth quarter was 7.23 billion US dollars, an increase of 120% compared with 3.23 billion US dollars in the same period last year; The net profit attributable to ordinary shareholders was $139 million, compared with a net loss of $771 million in the same period last year. This is also the second consecutive quarter of profit for Tesla. In the third quarter of 2018, Tesla achieved a net profit of 312 million US dollars.

With the continuous profitability, other financial indicators of Tesla also continued to rise. For example, the gross profit of Model 3 continues to be above 20%; Tesla’s cash and cash equivalents in the fourth quarter were $3.7 billion, an increase of $718 million from the end of the previous quarter. Tesla expects capital expenditure of about $2.5 billion in 2019.

It is worth noting that due to the decline in sales revenue of ZEV points, Tesla’s gross profit of automobile business declined slightly in the fourth quarter. According to the financial report data, Tesla’s auto business income in the fourth quarter was $6.323 billion, an increase from $6.099 billion in the third quarter, but its gross profit decreased from 25.8% in the third quarter to 24.3%. Correspondingly, Tesla’s ZEV points income in the third quarter was $52 million, and in the fourth quarter it was less than $1 million.

One factor that can’t be ignored is that due to the increase of import tariffs in China, Tesla lowered the prices of some Model S and Model X, resulting in a decline in the gross profit of these two flagship models.

Thanks to two consecutive quarters of strong profits, Tesla’s full-year performance in 2018 also performed well.According to the financial report, Tesla’s annual revenue in 2018 was US$ 21.461 billion, the highest revenue since the company was founded. Although there was still a net loss of US$ 976 million, compared with the huge loss of US$ 1.961 billion in 2017, the performance data in 2018 has been significantly improved.

This achievement is undoubtedly attributed to Model 3. In 2019, with the investment and operation of the China-Shanghai factory, Model 3 began to achieve localized coverage in Greater China. Backed by the world’s largest new energy vehicle market, Tesla’s future trend will undoubtedly add more variables.

In the fourth quarter, Tesla delivered 27,607 Model S and Model X vehicles, and delivered a total of 99,475 Model S and Model X vehicles throughout the year, which was not much different from Tesla’s delivery results in the past.

Tesla also expressed this concern in the financial report. On January 1, 2019, the federal tax relief for electric vehicles will be reduced, and the purchase demand of Model S and Model X will be advanced to 2018, which will lead to a rapid increase in the market share of the above two Model S. "Model S has occupied 38% of the US market share, and it is expected that the delivery volume of Model S and Model X in the first quarter of 2019 will be slightly lower than that in the first quarter of 2018." Tesla said.

The delivery volume of Model 3 is still strong. In the fourth quarter, Tesla delivered a total of 63,359 Model 3s, which continued to increase from 56,065 in the third quarter.

In order to ensure delivery efficiency, Tesla added 27 sales and service outlets in the fourth quarter. By the end of this quarter, Tesla had 378 outlets worldwide.

"If necessary, our service center is shifting to two-shift operation, so as to quickly increase the service capacity. At the same time, we have added the function of Tesla application to arrange services to improve responsiveness and convenience." Tesla said in the financial report.

Corresponding to the delivery capacity, Tesla’s production capacity is facing extreme climb. In the third quarter, Tesla’s weekly production capacity has reached 5,300 vehicles per week. By the end of the fourth quarter, Tesla’s production capacity is increasing to 7,000 vehicles per week. Tesla said that the production capacity of each module of Model 3 can now reach 7,000 per week, and the vehicle production capacity will reach this level before the end of the year, and will continue to produce with this capacity.

Tesla said that in the first quarter, the company will begin to deliver Model 3 in Europe and China. At the same time, in the middle of this year, Tesla will launch a $35,000 standard version of Model 3.

However, in Musk’s view, Model 3 still has huge demand in the world. "According to my guess, if the economic performance is strong, the annual demand for Model 3 worldwide can reach 700,000 to 800,000 vehicles; If the economy falls into recession, this figure may be 60% off. Even in this case, the global annual demand should be slightly lower than 500,000 vehicles. " Tesla CEO Musk said in the earnings conference call.

How to meet this demand, Tesla’s China factory came into being. According to Tesla’s plan, in 2019, that is, by the end of this year, Tesla’s Shanghai factory will be initially completed. Musk said that it will be a complete production line, including stamping, painting workshop, body connection and assembly workshop.

The initial production capacity target of the Shanghai plant is 3,000 vehicles per week, and the production capacity of the fremont plant is 7,000 vehicles per week. In 2019, Tesla Model 3 will achieve a production capacity of 10,000 vehicles per week.

"If there is no accident at the Shanghai factory, we will achieve the goal of producing more than 500,000 Model 3 units between the fourth quarter of 2019 and the second quarter of 2020." Tesla said in the financial report.

It is reported that Tesla’s Shanghai factory has been filed by the Shanghai Development and Reform Commission. In the conference call, Musk predicted that in order to achieve the initial weekly output of 3,000 vehicles, the capital expenditure may be roughly 500 million US dollars. In addition, the construction funds of Tesla Shanghai factory have found a solution.

Tesla CFO Deepak Ahuja said that the land of the Shanghai factory is leased from the government and has a 50-year lease term. "Most of the funds for the Shanghai factory will come from local banks in Shanghai. The details are under discussion and will be announced at that time."

Compared with the lack of cash flow in the past, Tesla is now actively talking about the road to profitability. On the evening of January 18th, Beijing time, elon musk, CEO of Tesla, suddenly sent an internal letter, announcing that the company would lay off 7% of its staff, leaving only the most critical temporary workers and contractors, which was regarded as a cost-cutting measure.

In fact, Tesla had already made a layoff before it made a profit in the third quarter. In addition to reducing personnel expenses, Tesla’s efforts in the construction of service facilities also showed obvious signs of contraction in the third and fourth quarters.

According to the information disclosed in the financial report, Tesla built a total of 293 super charging stations in 2018, and opened 69 and 44 in the fourth and third quarters respectively. That is to say, the number of super charging stations opened in the second half of the year was almost half that of the first half.

Judging from the fourth quarter financial report data, Tesla’s series of cost reduction plans have achieved fruitful results. The general, administrative and marketing expenses, which had occupied more than 20% of the revenue for a long time, reached 667 million US dollars in the fourth quarter, accounting for less than 10% of the revenue. Moreover, with the simultaneous increase of service facilities and sales outlets, the general, administrative and sales expenses in the fourth quarter were still lower than those in the third quarter.

Of course, compared with operating expenses, whether Model 3 is in a productivity hell, the quarterly delivery is only a few hundred units in 2017, or in 2018, when Model 3 delivered 60,000 units in the third quarter, the operating expenses are almost flat. This shows that Tesla’s direct sales model will gradually reduce the proportion of costs generated by the direct sales service system after the rapid increase in product delivery, which also provides a positive reference for Weilai Automobile, which has a loss of up to 2.8 billion yuan in a single season.

In addition to the popular Model 3, Tesla’s other small SUV Model Y is obviously a walking model. In the earnings conference call, when asked when Model Y will be mass-produced, Musk replied, "Model Y needs a relatively large factory, and the initial output will be relatively low. It always takes time to increase production capacity, which is difficult to predict and may be before the end of next year."

At the same time, Tesla’s electric truck Semi may go offline this fall. "The place of production depends on the supplier, assembly and user." The relevant person in charge of Tesla said.

Tesla CEO Musk also took the initiative to disclose information about Tesla pickup trucks. "Tesla pickup trucks may be available this summer, which is a very unique model."

With the release of the financial report, Tesla also announced a major personnel change.Tesla CEO Musk said in a conference call that Deepak Ahuja, the chief financial officer who has served the company for nearly 11 years, is about to retire, and Zach Kirkhorn, vice president of the company’s financial business, will take over his position. He was previously a business analyst at McKinsey.

Tesla’s share price also fluctuated with the incident. After continuous profit but less than expected, Tesla’s share price experienced a 5% decline and then turned up, followed by a 2% increase, which was fixed at $308.8 per share. However, since then, news of Deepak Ahuja’s retirement has come out, and the decline has once again exceeded 5% to $293.8.

Tesla expects that the revenue in 2019 may increase with the increase of delivery volume: the goal is to deliver 360,000-400,000 vehicles, which is about 45%-65% year-on-year. (This article is the first titanium media, author/Li Qin)

　　The picture shows people watching the Chinese New Year decoration of the zodiac "Rabbit" in a shopping mall in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

　　Zhang Wen’s comprehensive photo (Xinhua News Agency)

　　The picture shows the theme tram of the Spring Festival in the Year of the Rabbit driving on the streets of Rome, Italy.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Jinma Mengni photo

　　On January 14th, at the issuing ceremony of the Year of the Rabbit Zodiac stamps held in Paris, France, stamp designer Chen Jianghong showed the commemorative stamps of the Year of the Rabbit Zodiac.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Gao Jingshe

　　The picture shows tourists shooting rabbit lanterns at Trafalgar Square in London, England.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Yingshe

　　2023 is the year of Guimao Rabbit in China lunar calendar. All over the world, the elements of the zodiac "rabbit" can be seen everywhere, and it has become a well-deserved "protagonist" in this year’s Spring Festival.

　　Zodiac culture is an important part of China traditional culture. In recent years, China Zodiac culture has gradually become a unique landscape of global multiculturalism, which is loved by more and more people of other ethnic groups in the world. This year’s Spring Festival, China’s "rabbits" spread all over the world, which is a vivid example of the wide spread of the zodiac culture in the world. In an interview with this reporter, several overseas Chinese believe that the Zodiac culture has become a spiritual bond linking the national identity of Chinese sons and daughters and an important bridge to promote the communication between Chinese and foreign people.

　　Zodiac elements are dazzling.

　　Zodiac stamps, square lanterns, street posters, shopping mall decorations, theater screens … … Around the Spring Festival in the Year of the Rabbit, the China zodiac "Rabbit" appeared in the eyes of people in many countries in the world with colorful artistic forms.

　　In Trafalgar Square, London, England, colorful rabbit lanterns and Nelson Memorial Column lit up "Happy New Year 2023" set each other off; At the entrance of the Lion King Theater in Madrid, Spain, the animated short film of the zodiac "Rabbit" is scrolled on the big screen, and the poster of the zodiac "Rabbit" is fluttering in the wind on the street not far away; In the pedestrian street in downtown Helsinki, Finland, the ice sculpture exhibition with rabbit as the theme element complements the flaming lanterns and lively lion dance performances … … Surrounded by a dazzling array of Chinese zodiac "rabbit" elements, not only overseas Chinese feel the strong "flavor of the year" of China in a foreign country, but also many foreign people are more curious about the traditional culture of China.

　　"In the middle and late January of this year, both the United Nations Postal Service and the United States Postal Service continued their tradition for many years and successively issued commemorative stamps for the China Lunar Year of the Rabbit." Referring to the "rabbit" element of the zodiac around him, Li Rong, vice president of the new york Association for the Promotion of Peaceful Reunification and president of the Yunnan Business and Culture Association, said, "Almost everywhere! There are eye-catching rabbit decorations in major shopping malls, and there are rabbit shapes on the parade floats of carnival activities. Many Chinese and local residents dress up their children as rabbits, and some toy manufacturers produce a large number of rabbit plush toys that are widely welcomed by the market. Various kinds of Spring Festival celebrations have been organized in the Chinese Society of the Overseas Chinese Mission in the United States, and naturally there is also the zodiac ‘ Rabbit ’ 。”

　　Recently, a video about Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and overseas Chinese in Melbourne celebrating the Spring Festival became popular on social media. In the video, Albanese was invited to participate in the "2023 Shengshi Baima New Year Carnival" hosted by overseas Chinese in Melbourne. He sat in his seat and excitedly showed his red tie with rabbit patterns to the guests around him. "Prime Minister Albanese is a rabbit, so he likes his tie very much and will be happy with everyone ‘ Show off ’ Some time. " On the same day, Nanjing Jing, president of Australia Jingchuang Culture Media, also participated in the event and was deeply impressed by this scene: "It can be seen that the influence of Australian zodiac culture in China is not trivial."

　　For some time, a golden rabbit mascot "Year of the Rabbit" with a height of 5.3 meters, a width of 3.3 meters and a weight of 280 kilograms has attracted people’s attention in Jonker Street, the historical city of Malacca. Tian Loo Gan, vice president of Malaysian Chinese Public Relations Association, said that during the Spring Festival this year, Jonker Street continued the custom since 2012, that is, erect giant zodiac mascots outdoors on the street. This activity of erecting outdoor giant zodiac mascots has already become the "highlight" of Jonker Street in the Spring Festival every year, and it is also one of the punch-in spots for tourists to visit. In addition, local Chinese in Malaysia also integrate the elements of the Chinese zodiac into the dragon and lion dance culture every year. This year’s rabbit model is full of creativity and is deeply loved.

　　"This year, rabbit-shaped lanterns also appeared on the streets of Munich, Germany." Tang Zhihong, head of Huaxing Art Troupe in Munich, Germany, said that before and after the Spring Festival every year, the mainstream media in Germany would report and introduce China’s annual zodiac. Many Germans are very interested in China’s Zodiac culture, and they also know their birth year’s Zodiac.

　　Overseas, China Zodiac culture has brought creative inspiration to many Chinese artists.

　　Around the Spring Festival this year, Chinese Canadian artist Zhang Shufeng was extremely busy. In addition to finishing snow sculpture’s works in front of his own house, he was also invited by the Montreal municipal government to finish snow sculpture’s works in the municipal park. "Last October, the Montreal municipal government sent me a letter inviting me to be a snow sculpture in the municipal park during the Spring Festival, and the city councilor personally took me to the office to discuss the plan. My first thought is to be the snow sculpture Rabbit, because 2023 is the Year of the Rabbit in China. At that time, the municipal government also readily agreed to my proposal. " Finally, Zhang Shufeng made two big snow sculpture rabbits in the municipal park, and at the same time made a statue of snow sculpture mother and son rabbits at home. "After that, the Montreal Municipal Park held a carnival, which was unprecedented. The mayor personally came to congratulate him, and the mainstream media in Canada and online media reported on the event. Snow sculpture rabbit is especially ‘ Steal the mirror ’ 。” Zhang Shufeng said proudly.

　　The image of the zodiac is deeply loved.

　　This year is the third year that Zhang Shufeng has made snow sculpture’s works at home. In the past three years, no matter how other snow sculpture’s works change, snow sculpture’s works, which are worthy of the New Year’s Zodiac, will never be absent. "The zodiac is a treasure of China traditional culture. No matter where the descendants of the Chinese people go to the earth, they are always with them, which is an indelible mark. For overseas Chinese, the zodiac is also the bond and basis for tracing the source. In addition, animals are not only the objects that human beings love together, but also the artistic themes that different nationalities in the world like to see and hear, and it is also a bridge between different nationalities and multiculturalism. " Zhang Shufeng said.

　　"The rabbit image is closely related to the Easter culture in the West and is easily accepted." Tang Zhihong introduced: "In Germany, Easter has a traditional custom ‘ Painting eggs ’ And ‘ Looking for eggs ’ . These two games need parents and children to complete together. In children’s fairy tales, eggs are born by lively rabbits, because rabbits can give birth to bunnies and are a symbol of vigorous vitality. "

　　"In the United States, China’s zodiac culture is deeply rooted in people’s hearts. The popularity of zodiac knowledge is high. " Li Rong said that many Americans’ understanding of the Lunar New Year in China began with the zodiac. Some Americans affectionately refer to the China Zodiac as the "China constellation". Whenever overseas Chinese celebrate the Spring Festival, some Americans will curiously ask questions related to the "China constellation", and many locals will also take the initiative to search for their birth year’s zodiac on the Internet.

　　"Zodiac culture still has great influence in Malaysia, especially in the Chinese community. Basically, every Chinese born and raised in Malaysia knows something about the zodiac culture and knows his own animal sign. " Tian Loo Gan said, in my daily life, I like to introduce the activities, works and decorations related to the Lunar New Year’s Zodiac to the Chinese new generation, including the album of New Year’s greetings with the elements of the Zodiac, so as to make them interested in the Zodiac culture and further understand the significance of the Zodiac culture.

　　Zodiac culture connects China and foreign countries

　　From the obvious increase in the number of people visiting snow sculpture’s works to being invited to the school to give a demonstration of snow sculpture’s production, Zhang Shufeng really felt: "Canadian locals have more understanding and interest in China’s traditional culture, including the zodiac culture." "This year, when a local mainstream TV station came to interview, a reporter’s assistant wore a red hat and told me that she was a rabbit as soon as she came up; In the municipal park, a tall local youth, wearing a red down jacket, deliberately showed me the color of his clothes and excitedly said that he was a rabbit. " In addition to the popularity of the Zodiac culture in the local area, Zhang Shufeng was delighted to find that the atmosphere of celebrating the New Year overseas has also changed: "Local artists brought China ‘ Fu ’ Word gift to pay a New Year call and ask me how to use China dialect ‘ Happy New Year ’ . When I walk in the street, my local neighbors will say ‘ Happy Chinese New Year’ 。”

　　"Since living in Germany, in the process of accompanying my children to grow up, I will not only explain the story behind the zodiac to the children, but also introduce the zodiac culture to local friends in Germany." Tang Zhihong said that there is a story full of China’s wisdom behind each of the 12 Zodiacs, and many good wishes and hopes have been placed on it. The zodiac animals are all animal images, which are very friendly and easily accepted and loved by foreign friends. They are excellent carriers for spreading Chinese culture.

　　"The zodiac is a cultural bridge to promote the communication between Chinese and foreign people." Li Rong said that on the one hand, all ethnic groups in the world have a sense of closeness to animals and are willing to understand the story behind the zodiac; On the other hand, the mysterious astrology culture behind the zodiac is similar to the western astrology, which is easy to stimulate people’s interest in understanding. "In the past, we introduced China Zodiac culture to overseas friends through traditional ways such as singing and dancing and storytelling. In the future, in addition to following these methods, we can also attract more young people’s attention and expand the communication and influence of the zodiac culture through innovative means such as social media and digitalization. "

　　"Zodiac culture contains profound essence of Chinese culture. With animals as the main carrier, the zodiac culture is approachable, which can make it easier for people of different ethnic groups in the world to cross cultural barriers, and then appreciate the charm of Chinese culture and promote the communication between Chinese and foreign people. " Tian Loo Gan said that in the future, overseas Chinese in should continue to spread the China Zodiac culture with the Spring Festival as the main carrier. In addition, more Chinese zodiac elements can be added to the festive decoration and solar terms activities of overseas Chinese in Malaysia.

　　"The zodiac culture is easy to understand and has a strong recognition. Promoting the zodiac culture can open a window for the new generation of Chinese and other ethnic groups overseas to understand Chinese culture. " Nanjing Jing said, first of all, let the zodiac become a common and daily social topic like a constellation; Secondly, fully tap the market potential of the zodiac culture, innovate the peripheral derivatives of the zodiac culture, and integrate the zodiac culture into all walks of life such as fashion, food and internet.

Chapter I General Principles

the first　In order to strengthen the equity management of securities companies, protect the legitimate rights and interests of shareholders, customers and other stakeholders of securities companies, and promote the sustained and healthy development of securities companies, these Provisions are formulated in accordance with the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Company Law, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Securities Law (hereinafter referred to as the Securities Law), the Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Securities Companies and other laws and administrative regulations.

the second　These Provisions shall apply to securities companies established in People’s Republic of China (PRC) according to law.

Article　The equity management of securities companies should follow the principles of classified management, excellent qualification, clear rights and responsibilities, clear structure, orderly change, openness and transparency.

Article 4　Shareholders of securities companies shall abide by laws and regulations, the provisions of China Securities Regulatory Commission (hereinafter referred to as China Securities Regulatory Commission) and the articles of association of the company, adhere to the concept of long-term investment, exercise their rights and perform their obligations according to law.

Securities companies should strengthen the management of equity affairs, improve the corporate governance structure, and improve the risk management and internal control system.

China Securities Regulatory Commission and its dispatched offices follow the principle of prudent supervision, and carry out penetrating supervision and classified supervision on the equity of securities companies according to law.

Article 5　According to the shareholding ratio and its influence on the operation and management of securities companies, the shareholders of securities companies include the following four categories:

(1) Controlling shareholder refers to a shareholder who holds more than 50% of the shares of a securities company or a shareholder whose voting rights are sufficient to have a significant impact on the resolutions of the shareholders’ meeting of a securities company, although the shareholding ratio is less than 50%;

(2) Major shareholders refer to shareholders who hold more than 25% of the shares of securities companies or the largest shareholders who hold more than 5% of the shares;

(3) Shareholders holding more than 5% of the equity of the securities company;

(4) Shareholders holding less than 5% of the shares of a securities company.

Article 6　When a securities company is established, the China Securities Regulatory Commission shall approve its registered capital and shareholding structure in accordance with regulations.

A securities company that increases its registered capital, undergoes major adjustments in its shareholding structure, reduces its registered capital, or changes its shareholders or actual controllers holding more than 5% of the shares shall report to the China Securities Regulatory Commission for approval according to law.

If a securities company changes its registered capital or equity, which does not involve the circumstances listed in the preceding paragraph, it shall, within 5 working days after the company registration authority handles the registration of the change, file with the agency dispatched by the China Securities Regulatory Commission where the company is domiciled. The provisions of this paragraph shall not apply to the equity changes of securities companies in stock exchanges and the national share transfer system for small and medium-sized enterprises (hereinafter referred to as the share transfer system).

Chapter II Qualifications

Article 7　Shareholders holding less than 5% of the equity of a securities company shall meet the following conditions:

(1) It and the institutions it controls have a good reputation, and have no record of major violations of laws or regulations or major bad credit records in the last three years; There is no case of being sentenced to punishment for intentional crime, and the execution of punishment has not been completed for more than 3 years; It is not under investigation or in the period of rectification due to suspected major violations of laws and regulations;

(2) There are no circumstances that affect the performance of shareholders’ rights and obligations, such as long-term failure to actually carry out business, suspension of business, bankruptcy liquidation, lack of governance structure and failure of internal control; There is no guarantee, lawsuit, arbitration or other major matters that may seriously affect the continuing operation;

(3) The ownership structure is clear and penetrates to the ultimate rights and interests holder layer by layer; In principle, wealth management products are not allowed in the ownership structure, except those approved by the China Securities Regulatory Commission;

(4) There is no serious social doubt or serious negative social impact caused by dishonesty or non-compliance on itself and the institutions it controls, and the impact has not been eliminated; There is no situation that it has been responsible for the business failure of the invested enterprise for less than 3 years;

(5) Other conditions stipulated by the China Securities Regulatory Commission based on the principle of prudential supervision.

The provisions of this article shall not apply to shareholders who have obtained less than 5% of the shares of a securities company through transactions in stock exchanges and share transfer systems.

Article 8　Shareholders holding more than 5% equity of a securities company shall meet the following conditions:

(1) The conditions stipulated in Article 7 of these Provisions;

(two) there is no net assets less than 50% of the paid-in capital;

(3) There is no contingent liability reaching 50% of the net assets;

(4) There is no situation that the debts due cannot be paid off;

(5) Its net assets are not less than 50 million yuan.

Article 9　A major shareholder of a securities company shall meet the following conditions:

(1) The conditions stipulated in Article 8 of these Provisions;

(2) Its net assets are not less than 200 million yuan, its financial position is good, it has sustained profitability, its assets, liabilities and leverage levels are moderate, and it has sustained capital replenishment ability matching the business of the securities company;

(3) Its corporate governance is standardized, its management ability is up to standard, and its risk control is good;

(4) The experience in conducting financial-related business matches the business scope of the securities company and can provide support for enhancing the comprehensive competitiveness of the securities company;

(5) To formulate a reasonable and effective risk disposal plan for the situation that the securities company may be unable to operate normally due to risks.

Article 10　The controlling shareholder of a securities company shall meet the following conditions:

(1) The conditions stipulated in Article 9 of these Provisions;

(2) Holding shares in a securities company is consistent with its long-term strategy, which is conducive to serving the development of its main business;

(3) It has practical plans and arrangements for improving the governance structure of securities companies and promoting the long-term development of securities companies;

(4) There is a clear self-restraint mechanism for maintaining the independence of the operation and management of securities companies and preventing the transmission of risks and improper benefits.

Article 11　Where the business engaged by a securities company is obviously leveraged and there are cross risks among multiple businesses, its major shareholders and controlling shareholders shall also meet the following conditions:

(a) the last three years of continuous profit, there is no uncompensated loss;

(2) Long-term credit has remained at a high level in the last three years, and its scale, income, profit, market share and other indicators have been at the forefront of the industry in the last three years.

The controlling shareholder shall also meet the following conditions:

(a) total assets of not less than 50 billion yuan, net assets of not less than 20 billion yuan;

(two) the core business is outstanding, and the main business has been profitable for the last five years.

The provisions of this article shall not apply to the special circumstances recognized by the China Securities Regulatory Commission, such as the merger of securities companies or the takeover of custody due to major risks.

Article 12　The proportion of shares of securities companies held by shareholders who are related or acting in concert shall be calculated on a consolidated basis; Among them, the shareholder with the highest shareholding ratio or the shareholder in a controlling or leading position in the related relationship and the concerted action relationship shall meet the requirements of shareholders in the corresponding category of total shareholding ratio.

After a shareholder becomes a shareholder in a securities company, if the category of shareholders changes due to the adjustment of the equity structure of the securities company, it shall meet the requirements for shareholders of the corresponding category after the change.

Article 13　The actual controller of more than 5% equity of a securities company shall comply with the provisions of Items 1 to 4 of Article 8 of these Provisions. The actual controller of a securities company shall also comply with the provisions of Item 5 of Article 9 and Items 3 and 4 of Article 10 of these Provisions.

Article 14　Where a limited partnership shares in a securities company, it shall also meet the following requirements:

(1) A single limited partnership enterprise shall not control 5% of the shares of a securities company, except as approved by the China Securities Regulatory Commission. If the executive partner or the first limited partner of two or more limited partnerships are the same or there are other related relationships or concerted action relationships, the shareholding ratio shall be calculated on a consolidated basis.

(two) the general partner responsible for the implementation of limited partnership affairs shall meet the conditions stipulated in Article 7 of these Provisions.

Article 15　Where a company-based fund shares in a securities company and entrusts a fund manager to manage the equity of the securities company, the fund shall belong to the industrial investment fund actually controlled by the government and have been registered by the relevant state departments, and the provisions of Article 14 of these Provisions shall apply mutatis mutandis.

Article 16　If a non-financial enterprise shares in a securities company, it shall also meet the following requirements:

(a) in line with the relevant guiding opinions of the state on strengthening the supervision of non-financial enterprises investing in financial institutions.

(two) the proportion of a single non-financial enterprise actually controlling the equity of a securities company shall not exceed 50% in principle.

Chapter III Requirements for Equity Management

Article 17　The office of the board of directors of a securities company is the office of the equity management affairs of the securities company, and organizes and implements the work related to the equity management affairs.

The chairman of a securities company is the first person in charge of the equity management affairs of a securities company. The secretary of the board of directors of a securities company assists the chairman in his work and is the person directly responsible for the equity management affairs of the securities company.

Article 18　When a securities company changes its registered capital or equity, it shall formulate a work plan and criteria for selecting shareholders. The securities company and the equity transferor shall inform the interested participants in advance of the conditions of shareholders of the securities company, the procedures to be performed, the operating conditions and potential risks of the securities company.

The securities company and the equity transferor shall conduct due diligence on the intended participants and agree on the follow-up measures for the unqualified intended participants. If it is found that it does not meet the conditions, it shall not sign an agreement with it. If the relevant matters need to be approved by the China Securities Regulatory Commission, it shall be agreed that the agreement will take effect only after approval.

Article 19　In the process of changing the registered capital or equity of a securities company, the securities company shall agree with the relevant subjects in advance on the measures to deal with the possible violations of regulations or commitments, clarify the accountability mechanism for the responsible person, and cooperate with the regulatory agencies to investigate and deal with them.

Article 20　A securities company shall make arrangements for risk prevention during the change of registered capital or equity to ensure the normal operation of the company and the interests of customers are not harmed.

Where the approval of the China Securities Regulatory Commission is required according to law, before the approval, the shareholders of the securities company shall continue to exercise their voting rights independently according to the proportion of the shares held, and the transferor of the equity shall not recommend the relevant personnel of the transferee to be the directors, supervisors and senior managers of the securities company, and shall not transfer the voting rights in any form in disguised form.

Article 21　Shareholders of securities companies should fully understand the rights and obligations of shareholders, fully understand the management status and potential risks of securities companies, have reasonable investment expectations and true willingness to contribute, and perform necessary internal decision-making procedures.

Article 22　Shareholders of securities companies shall perform their capital contribution obligations in strict accordance with laws and regulations and the provisions of the China Securities Regulatory Commission.

Shareholders of securities companies shall use their own funds to buy shares in securities companies, and the sources of funds are legal, and may not use non-own funds such as entrusted funds to buy shares, unless otherwise stipulated by laws and regulations.

Article 23　Shareholders of securities companies shall truthfully, accurately and completely explain the ownership structure up to the actual controller, ultimate rights holder, and the relationship with other shareholders or the relationship of concerted action, and shall not evade the examination and approval or supervision of shareholders’ qualifications of securities companies through concealment or deception.

Article 24　The number of shareholders of securities companies and their controlling shareholders and actual controllers shall not exceed two, of which the number of controlling securities companies shall not exceed one. The following circumstances are not included in the number of securities companies that participate in or control shares:

(1) The proportion of directly holding and indirectly controlling the equity of a securities company is less than 5%;
　　(2) Holding shares in other securities companies through the securities companies under its control;
　　(3) A securities company holds shares in other securities companies;

(4) Transitional arrangements made for the merger and reorganization of securities companies;

(5) the State Council is authorized to hold the equity of a securities company;

(six) other circumstances identified by the China Securities Regulatory Commission.

Article 25　Securities companies should keep the equity structure stable. The holding period of shareholders of a securities company shall comply with laws, administrative regulations and the relevant provisions of the China Securities Regulatory Commission. 　

The actual controller of the shareholders of a securities company shall abide by the same lock-up period as that of the shareholders of the securities company, except for the cases recognized by the China Securities Regulatory Commission according to law.

Article 26　The shareholders of a securities company shall not pledge the equity of the securities company they hold during the equity lock-up period. After the expiration of the equity lock-up, the proportion of the equity held by the shareholders of a securities company shall not exceed 50% of the equity held by the securities company.

Where a shareholder pledges the equity of a securities company, it shall not harm the interests of other shareholders and securities companies, maliciously evade the requirement of the equity lock-up period, stipulate that the pledgee or other third party shall exercise shareholder rights such as voting rights, or transfer the control right of the equity of a securities company in disguise.

Article 27　Securities companies should strengthen the examination of shareholders’ qualifications, verify the information of shareholders and their controlling shareholders, actual controllers, related parties, concerted parties and ultimate rights holders, and master their changes, judge the influence of shareholders on the operation and management of securities companies, report or disclose relevant information in a timely, accurate and complete manner according to law, and perform approval procedures when necessary.

Article 28　A securities company shall write the regulatory requirements on equity management, such as the rights and obligations of shareholders, the lock-up period of equity, the person in charge of equity management affairs, etc., into its articles of association, and specify the following contents in the articles of association:

(1) The major shareholders and controlling shareholders shall replenish capital to the securities company when necessary;

(2) Shareholders who should have been approved by the regulatory authorities or have not filed with the regulatory authorities, or shareholders who have not completed the rectification, shall not exercise the rights to request, vote, nominate, propose and dispose of the shareholders’ meeting;

(3) Shareholders who make false statements, abuse shareholders’ rights or engage in other behaviors that harm the interests of securities companies shall not exercise their rights to request, vote, nominate, propose and dispose of shareholders’ meetings;

(4) Measures to deal with shareholders, securities companies, persons in charge of equity management affairs and relevant personnel in case of illegal or improper behaviors related to equity management affairs that violate laws, administrative regulations and regulatory requirements.

Article 29　Securities companies should strengthen the management of related party transactions, accurately identify related parties, strictly implement the related party transaction examination and approval system and information disclosure system, avoid damaging the legitimate rights and interests of securities companies and their clients, and report related party transactions to the China Securities Regulatory Commission and its dispatched offices in a timely manner.

A securities company shall manage its shareholders and their controlling shareholders, actual controllers, related parties, concerted parties and ultimate rights holders as its own related parties in accordance with the penetrating principle.

Article 30　Shareholders of securities companies and their actual controllers shall not commit any of the following acts:

(a) false capital contribution, false capital contribution, withdrawing capital contribution or withdrawing capital contribution in disguise;

(two) in violation of laws, administrative regulations and the provisions of the company’s articles of association, interfere with the operation and management activities of securities companies;

(3) abusing rights or influence, occupying the assets of securities companies or clients, transferring benefits, and harming the legitimate rights and interests of securities companies, other shareholders or clients;

(4) Requiring a securities company to provide financing or guarantee for itself or its related parties in violation of regulations, or forcing, instructing, assisting or accepting a securities company to provide financing or guarantee with the assets of its securities brokerage clients or securities asset management clients;

(five) improper related transactions with securities companies, using the influence on the operation and management of securities companies to obtain illegitimate interests;

(six) without approval, entrust others or accept others to hold or manage the equity of a securities company, and accept or transfer the control right of the equity of a securities company in disguise;

(seven) other acts prohibited by the China Securities Regulatory Commission.

A securities company, its directors, supervisors, senior managers and other relevant entities shall not cooperate with the shareholders of the securities company and their actual controllers in the above-mentioned situations.

When a securities company discovers that the shareholders and their actual controllers have the above-mentioned situations, it shall take timely measures to prevent the violations from getting worse, and report to the dispatched office of China Securities Regulatory Commission at its domicile within 2 working days.

Chapter IV Penalty Rules

Article 31　If a securities company changes its equity-related matters without performing legal procedures, the China Securities Regulatory Commission or its dispatched office shall handle it in accordance with the provisions of Article 218th of the Securities Law.

Article 32　If any unit or individual holds or actually controls more than 5% equity of a securities company without approval, the China Securities Regulatory Commission or its dispatched office shall handle it in accordance with the provisions of Article 71 of the Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Securities Companies.

If any unit or individual entrusts others or accepts others’ entrustment to hold or manage the equity of a securities company without approval, or subscribes, accepts or actually controls the equity of a securities company, the China Securities Regulatory Commission or its dispatched office shall handle it in accordance with the provisions of Article 86 of the Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Securities Companies.

Article 33　Where the shareholders of a securities company make false capital contributions, make false capital contributions, withdraw their capital contributions or withdraw their capital contributions in disguised form, the China Securities Regulatory Commission or its dispatched offices shall handle the matter in accordance with the provisions of Article 151 of the Securities Law.

Article 34　In the process of administrative licensing, if the relevant subject conceals relevant information or provides false materials, the China Securities Regulatory Commission or its dispatched office shall handle it in accordance with the provisions of Article 78 of the Administrative Licensing Law.

If the relevant subject obtains the approval of the administrative license related to the stock right of a securities company by improper means such as concealment or deception, the China Securities Regulatory Commission or its dispatched office shall handle it in accordance with the provisions of Articles 69 and 79 of the Administrative Licensing Law.

Article 35　If a securities company or its shareholders or actual controllers violate the regulations, fail to report relevant matters as required, or the information submitted contains false records, misleading statements or major omissions, the China Securities Regulatory Commission or its dispatched offices shall handle it in accordance with the provisions of Article 222 of the Securities Law.

Article 36　If a securities company provides financing or guarantee for its shareholders or their associates in violation of regulations, the China Securities Regulatory Commission or its dispatched office shall handle it in accordance with the provisions of Article 222 of the Securities Law.

If the shareholders of a securities company and their actual controllers force, instruct, assist or accept the securities company to provide financing or guarantee with the assets of securities brokerage clients or securities asset management clients, the China Securities Regulatory Commission or its dispatched offices shall handle it in accordance with the provisions of Article 86 of the Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Securities Companies.

Article 37　Securities companies and their shareholders, actual controllers of shareholders or other relevant subjects violate these provisions, resulting in imperfect governance structure, imperfect internal control, chaotic operation and management, and violation of laws and regulations, and the China Securities Regulatory Commission or its dispatched offices shall handle it in accordance with the provisions of Article 70 of the Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Securities Companies; If the risk control indicators of securities companies do not meet the requirements, which seriously endangers the stable operation of securities companies and damages the legitimate rights and interests of customers, it shall be handled in accordance with the provisions of Article 150 of the Securities Law; If a securities company is caused to operate illegally or has serious risks, it shall be handled in accordance with the provisions of Article 153 of the Securities Law.

Where the directors, supervisors and senior managers of a securities company violate these provisions, resulting in major violations of laws and regulations or major risks of the securities company, the China Securities Regulatory Commission or its dispatched offices shall handle them in accordance with the provisions of Article 152 of the Securities Law.

Article 38　If a securities company and its shareholders, actual controllers of shareholders or other relevant subjects violate these provisions, and the Securities Law, Regulations on Supervision and Administration of Securities Companies and other laws and administrative regulations do not provide corresponding measures or penalties, the China Securities Regulatory Commission or its dispatched offices may take regulatory measures such as ordering corrections, supervising talks, issuing warning letters, ordering public explanations, and ordering regular reports; For the directors, supervisors, senior managers and other responsible personnel who are directly responsible, regulatory measures can be taken, such as ordering corrections, supervising talks, issuing warning letters, ordering training, and identifying them as inappropriate candidates; And depending on the circumstances, the relevant subject may be given a warning and a fine of not more than 30 thousand yuan; Anyone suspected of committing a crime shall be transferred to judicial organs according to law.

Article 39　China Securities Regulatory Commission and its dispatched offices shall record the dishonesty of securities companies and their directors, supervisors, senior managers, shareholders and their actual controllers, relevant intermediaries and other relevant institutions or personnel in the capital market integrity file database in accordance with the relevant provisions of China Securities Regulatory Commission on integrity supervision and management, and share information with other government agencies through the national credit information sharing platform.

sequenceSishitiao　If a securities company fails to comply with these provisions for equity management, the China Securities Regulatory Commission may adjust the classification, supervision and evaluation categories of the securities company.

Chapter V Supplementary Provisions

Article 41　The term "above" and "not less than" as mentioned in these Provisions includes this number, and "below" and "over" does not include this number.

Article 42　When a securities company increases its registered capital and its shareholding structure has undergone major adjustment, it refers to the increase of its registered capital and the addition of shareholders or major shareholders holding more than 5% of the shares, or the change of the largest shareholder, controlling shareholder and actual controller of the securities company.

The change of shareholders holding more than 5% of the shares of a securities company refers to the addition of shareholders or major shareholders holding more than 5% of the shares of a securities company, or the change of the largest shareholder or controlling shareholder of a securities company.

The change of the actual controller of a securities company holding more than 5% equity refers to the new actual controller of a securities company holding more than 5% equity, or the change of the actual controller of a securities company.

Article 43　If the state has other provisions on the administrative transfer of state-owned shares of securities companies, the relevant requirements shall be followed.

Shares in a securities company involving the comprehensive operation of the financial industry, state-owned assets or the duties of other financial regulatory departments shall conform to the relevant policies of the state on the comprehensive operation of the financial industry, the management of state-owned assets and the relevant provisions of other financial regulatory departments.

Shareholders of foreign-invested securities companies shall also comply with the relevant provisions of the China Securities Regulatory Commission on the management of foreign-invested securities companies.

Article 44　Investors who purchase 5% of the shares of securities companies through the stock exchange shall put up signs according to law and report to the China Securities Regulatory Commission for approval. Before approval, investors may not continue to increase their holdings of the company’s shares. If the China Securities Regulatory Commission does not approve it, the investor shall make corrections within 50 trading days from the date of disapproval (excluding the suspension time, and if the shareholding is less than 6 months, it shall be corrected according to law after the shareholding is over 6 months).

Where investors purchase more than 5% of the shares of securities companies through the share transfer system, the provisions of the first paragraph shall apply mutatis mutandis.

Where an investor transfers the shares of a securities company through public trading on the stock exchange or the share transfer system, and the changes in the shares involved do not need to be approved or filed, the requirements stipulated in Articles 18 and 19 of these Provisions shall be exempted.

Article 45　These Provisions shall come into force as of the date of promulgation. Before the implementation of these provisions, if the provisions of China Securities Regulatory Commission on equity management of securities companies are inconsistent with these provisions, these provisions shall prevail.

　　The Third Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee thoroughly implemented the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, fully implemented the spirit of the 19th CPC National Congress, and deliberated and adopted the the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Decision on Deepening the Reform of Party and State Institutions and the Plan for Deepening the Reform of Party and State Institutions, which fully reflected the firm determination and political courage of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core to uphold and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics and be brave in self-revolution, and reflected its foresight and mission commitment to the party’s leadership, national prosperity, national rejuvenation and people’s happiness. The "Decision" clearly stated that the goal of deepening the reform of party and state institutions is to build a functional system of party and state institutions with complete systems, scientific norms and efficient operation. This is a major strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee with a far-sighted vision and a good assessment of the situation, and it is of far-reaching significance for the decisive victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way and winning the great victory of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.

　　First, deeply understand the significance of improving the functional system of the party and state institutions.

　　Our party has always attached great importance to the construction and reform of the party and state institutions. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly requires deepening the reform of institutions and administrative systems, making overall consideration of the establishment of various institutions, scientifically allocating the powers of party and government departments and internal institutions, and clarifying their responsibilities. The decision of the Third Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee to build a systematic, scientific, standardized and efficient functional system of the Party and state institutions is an important measure to implement the spirit of the 19th CPC National Congress, and it is also the refinement and concretization of the strategic deployment of the 19th CPC National Congress.

　　(1) The inevitable requirement of upholding and strengthening the overall leadership of the Party. The most essential feature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics is the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership, the greatest advantage of Socialism with Chinese characteristics system is the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership, and the Party is the highest political leadership. Only under the leadership of the Party can China be strong, national rejuvenation and people’s happiness. If our party wants to unite and lead the people to carry out great struggles, build great projects, advance great undertakings and realize great dreams, it must strengthen and improve the overall leadership of the party and constantly improve its ruling ability and leadership level. The party and state institutions are important carriers of the party’s governance. Deepening the reform of the party and state institutions, establishing and improving the party’s leadership system and mechanism for major work, optimizing the party and state organizations, and making overall arrangements for the party and state institutions are conducive to taking the overall situation of the party and coordinating all parties to implement it, and to ensuring the long-term governance of the party and the long-term stability of the country from the system. Only by firmly grasping the fundamental principle of upholding the Party’s overall leadership, resolutely safeguarding the authority and centralized leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, and strengthening and optimizing the Party’s leadership in all fields and aspects, can we continuously enhance the Party’s political leadership, ideological leadership, mass organization and social appeal, and ensure that our Party will always maintain its vigorous vitality and strong combat effectiveness.

　　(2) Major measures to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. The functional system of the Party and state institutions is an important part of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s system, and it is also an important guarantee for governing the Party, rejuvenating the Party and governing the country. The overall goal of deepening reform in an all-round way is to improve and develop the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has made a series of important expositions on deepening the reform of the Party and state institutions, promoted the reform of the Party and state institutions to make significant progress in some important areas and key links, and provided a strong guarantee for the historic achievements and changes in the cause of the Party and state. Deepening the reform of the party and state institutions is an important part of comprehensively deepening the reform, which is directly related to the improvement of the national governance system and the improvement of governance capacity, and plays an institutional support and guarantee role in promoting the overall layout of the "five in one" and coordinating the promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout. Only by keeping pace with the times, reforming institutional setup and optimizing functional allocation can we widely mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of all parties and improve the governance efficiency of the party and the state.

　　(C) the practical needs of perfecting and developing the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out: "The purpose of promoting reform is to constantly promote the self-improvement and development of China’s socialist system and give socialism new vitality." Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. From the 19th National Congress to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it is the historical intersection of the goal of "two hundred years". In the face of the new requirements put forward by the new era and new tasks, the institutional setup and functional allocation of the Party and the state are not fully adapted to the requirements of promoting the overall layout of the "five in one" and coordinating the promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout. In some areas, the institutional setup and functional allocation of the Party are not sound enough, the Party and state institutions overlap, their responsibilities overlap, their powers and responsibilities are out of line, and the division of powers and responsibilities between central and local institutions is not reasonable. If these problems are not solved in time, they will inevitably hinder the development of the cause of the party and the state. Only by strengthening the sense of hardship, adhering to the problem orientation, advancing with the times, deepening institutional reform, and focusing on solving the contradictions and problems existing in the institutional setup and functional allocation of the party and the state can we promote the formation of a more mature and stereotyped Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and give full play to the superiority of the socialist system.

　　(4) Adhere to the institutional arrangement of developing ideas with the people as the center. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that "serving the people is the fundamental purpose of our party and the fundamental purpose of governments at all levels." No matter how the functions of the party and state institutions change, the purpose of serving the people will not change, and the essential requirements of building the party for the public and governing for the people will not change. In the new era, the main contradiction in our society has been transformed into the contradiction between the people’s growing need for a better life and the unbalanced development. The people not only put forward higher requirements for material and cultural life, but also have increasing requirements for democracy, rule of law, fairness, justice, security and environment. This requires that the Party and state organs must adhere to the people’s dominant position, implement the Party’s mass line, fully allocate ruling resources to better meet the people’s new diversified needs for a better life, improve the system and mechanism of making profits for the people, doing things for the people, solving worries for the people, safeguarding people’s rights and interests, listening to people’s voices and accepting people’s supervision, continuously enhance people’s sense of gain, happiness and security, and better promote people’s all-round development, social progress and common prosperity.

　　Second, accurately understand and improve the overall requirements of the functional system of the party and state institutions.

　　The situation determines the task, and the goal determines the path. To deepen the reform of the party and state institutions and improve their functional systems, we must adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, adhere to the correct direction of reform, and accurately understand the main connotation and spiritual essence of complete system, scientific standardization and efficient operation.

　　A complete system means sound institutions, supporting functions and perfect mechanisms, focusing on solving the problem of the coverage of the functional system of the party and state institutions, ensuring the full coverage of the party’s leadership and ensuring that the party’s leadership is stronger. China’s national governance system is an institutional system for managing the country under the leadership of the party, and national governance ability is the ability to manage all aspects of social affairs by using the national system. The key to deepening the reform of the party and state institutions is to grasp the relationship between party leadership and state governance. The "Decision" and "Plan" focus on the overall leadership macro-planning and overall thinking of the party, and strive to build a closely linked and coordinated functional system of the party and state institutions. First, it is emphasized that the party’s overall leadership is an important goal and fundamental guarantee for deepening the reform of the party and state institutions. Under the guidance of strengthening the party’s overall leadership and the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, strengthening the party’s leadership over all work runs through all aspects of the reform and is implemented in all fields and links of the party and state organs to fully and correctly perform their duties. The second is to clarify the functional system of the reformed party and state institutions, including the party’s leadership system that takes the overall situation into account and coordinates all parties, the government governance system with clear responsibilities and administration according to law, the world-class armed forces system with China characteristics, and the group work system with extensive contacts and serving the masses, so as to promote the coordinated actions of the people’s congresses, governments, CPPCC, supervisory organs, judicial organs, procuratorial organs, people’s organizations, enterprises and institutions, and social organizations under the unified leadership of the party. Third, it is required to improve the institutional arrangements to ensure the party’s overall leadership and improve the party’s leadership and governance.Improve the party’s ability and determination to take the direction, seek the overall situation, formulate policies and promote reform, ensure the full coverage of party leadership, and ensure that party leadership is stronger.

　　Scientific standardization is to set up reasonable, strict procedures, and follow the law in GAI, focusing on solving the problem of the accuracy of the functional system of the party and state institutions, and constantly improving the level of institutionalization, standardization and proceduralization. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader clearly demanded: "Where the government functions change, the rule of law construction will follow up." The key to deepening the reform of the party and state institutions is to grasp the relationship between deepening reform and promoting the rule of law. The "Decision" emphasizes that we must adhere to the unity and mutual promotion of reform and the rule of law, adhere to the joint promotion of governing the country according to law, governing the country according to law, and administering the country according to law, and adhere to the integration of a country ruled by law, a government ruled by law, and a society ruled by law. First, we should implement the requirement that all major reforms should be based on the law, emphasize the improvement of the functions of the party and state institutions in accordance with the law, perform their duties in accordance with the law, manage institutions and staffing according to the law, and play the role of the rule of law in regulating and safeguarding reforms. Second, strengthen the rule of law through reform, actively adapt to the needs of reform, promote the legalization of institutions, functions, authorities, procedures and responsibilities, and maintain the lasting vitality of the socialist rule of law in the process of continuous exploration, practice and improvement. Third, based on the current situation, focusing on the long-term, focusing on prominent contradictions, grasping key points, filling shortcomings, strong and weak items, and preventing risks, and providing guarantees for the decisive victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way from the functions of the party and state institutions; At the same time, we should pay attention to solving the long-term institutional problems, laying a foundation, establishing pillars and defining the structure, so as to create favorable conditions for the formation of a more perfect Socialism with Chinese characteristics system.

　　Efficient operation means coordinated operation, smooth implementation and strong supervision, focusing on solving the effectiveness of the functional system of the party and state institutions, and promoting the coordinated and efficient optimization of the functions of the party and state institutions. In view of the outstanding contradictions and problems existing in the current institutional setup and functional allocation of the Party and the State, the Decision emphasizes that we should focus on promoting the coordination and efficiency of the functions of the Party and the State, reform the institutional setup, optimize the functional allocation, deepen the transfer of functions, modes and styles, and improve efficiency and effectiveness. First, it is necessary to be scientific and reasonable, with the same powers and responsibilities, focus on the needs of development, the aspirations of the grassroots and the aspirations of the people, optimize the institutional setup and functional allocation, adhere to the principle that one department should co-ordinate matters in principle and one department should be responsible for one thing in principle, and strengthen the cooperation and linkage of relevant institutions to avoid the problems of multiple policies, unclear responsibilities and buck passing. Second, it is necessary to have unity and division, and to have a master and a second time, not only to set up the party and state institutions as a whole, but also to pay attention to the role of functional departments; It not only emphasizes that the central departments should concentrate on grasping major events and seeking the overall situation, but also fully mobilize local enthusiasm and do a good job according to local conditions. Third, it is necessary to perform their duties in place, the process is smooth, strengthen the cooperation and linkage of relevant institutions, strengthen supervision after the event, improve the ability to serve the masses, and make the party and state institutions more scientific, more optimized in functions, more coordinated in powers and responsibilities, more powerful in supervision and operation.

　　The system is complete, scientific and standardized, and operates efficiently. The three are interrelated and interconnected, but each has its own emphasis and different connotations, and it is an all-round and three-dimensional organic whole. A complete system is the foundation. Only by strengthening the top-level design and paying attention to overall planning can we ensure the scientificity and effectiveness of the reform by promoting all aspects, levels and elements as a whole. Scientific norms are the guarantee. Only by promoting development with good laws and ensuring good governance can we promote the complete and efficient operation of the functional system of the party and state institutions; Efficient operation is the key, and a complete system and standardized system will ultimately be reflected in the effective operation of institutional functions. The three are interactive, interlocking and indispensable. We should accurately understand and grasp its inherent requirements in practice, focus on strengthening the systematicness, integrity and coordination of reform, expand the breadth and depth of reform, promote the self-improvement and development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s system, and open up broader development prospects for Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause.

　　Third, make overall plans to grasp and improve the functional system of the party and state institutions.

　　Deepening the reform of the party and state institutions is a systematic project and must be carried out under the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee. Party committees (party groups) at all levels should unify their thoughts and actions in the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee, strengthen the "four consciousnesses", strengthen the "four self-confidences", strengthen their responsibility, and accomplish the task of reforming the party and state institutions accurately, pragmatically, with high quality and efficiency.

　　(1) Improve the system and mechanism of upholding the leadership of the Party. Strengthening the Party’s leadership in all fields and aspects of work is the primary task of deepening the reform of the Party and state institutions. The "Decision" requires establishing and improving the Party’s leadership system and mechanism for major work, strengthening the Party’s centralized and unified leadership over major work involving the overall cause of the Party and the state, and optimizing the decision-making and deliberation and coordination institutions of the CPC Central Committee; Strengthen the leading position of Party organizations in organizations at the same level, and Party committees (leading groups) established in state organs, institutions and other non-party organizations should ensure that the Party’s principles, policies and decision-making arrangements are implemented; Give full play to the role of the party’s functional departments, and optimize the establishment and responsibility allocation of the party’s departments, party Committee offices, and party agencies; Co-ordinate the establishment of party and government institutions, and those with similar functions and close ties can be merged or co-located; Promote the reform of the party’s discipline inspection system and the state supervision system, and improve the party and state supervision system. The "Program" implements the above requirements, specifically makes arrangements for deepening the institutional reform of the CPC Central Committee, and puts forward reform tasks such as the establishment of the National Supervisory Commission (NSC). The implementation of these reform measures is conducive to safeguarding the authority of the CPC Central Committee and centralized and unified leadership, ensuring the smooth implementation of the Party Central Committee’s decrees and efficient work, and implementing the Party’s line, principles and policies.

　　(2) Adjust and optimize the functions of government agencies. Transforming government functions is an important task to deepen the reform of the party and state institutions. Since the reform and opening up, China’s government has undergone seven centralized institutional reforms, which have provided organizational guarantee for establishing and improving the macro-control system. However, there are still some institutional and institutional drawbacks that restrict the market from playing a decisive role in resource allocation and better play the role of the government. The "Decision" requires that relevant government functions be strengthened and improved around promoting high-quality development, building a modern economic system; Rationally allocate the functions of macro-management departments, strengthen the functions of formulating national development strategies and unifying planning systems, build policy coordination and work coordination mechanisms for development planning, finance and finance, improve the financial management system, and build a unified and efficient audit and supervision system; We will further promote decentralization, clean up and standardize various administrative licensing, qualifications, intermediary services and other management matters, and fully implement the negative list system for market access. The Decision also proposes to improve the market supervision and law enforcement system, reform the natural resources and ecological environment management system, improve the public service management system, strengthen the supervision after the event, and improve administrative efficiency. The Plan implements the above requirements, makes arrangements for deepening institutional reform in the State Council, and puts forward a series of major reform tasks. The purpose of implementing these reform measures is to adjust and optimize the establishment of government institutions, functional allocation and workflow, comprehensively improve government efficiency and build a service-oriented government that the people are satisfied with.

　　(3) coordinating various institutional reforms. This is an inevitable requirement to strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the party and realize the optimization, coordination and efficiency of institutional functions. The "Decision" requires improving the layout of party and government institutions, rationalizing the relationship between party and government institutions, systematically planning and determining the reform of party and government institutions, and coordinating the allocation of resources; Deepen the reform of the National People’s Congress, the CPPCC and the judiciary, give full play to the functions of the NPC and its Standing Committee, promote the construction of the CPPCC’s ability to perform its duties, and improve judicial credibility; Deepen the reform of group organizations, improve the system of unified leadership of group organizations by party committees, promote the political, advanced and mass nature of group organizations, and give full play to the role of group organizations as a bridge and link between the party and the government and the people; Promote the reform of social organizations and improve the social governance system of party Committee leadership, government responsibility, social coordination, public participation and rule of law guarantee; Accelerate the reform of public institutions, realize the separation of government affairs and enterprises; Deepen the cross-military reform of the armed police force, militia and reserve forces, and promote the reform of the public security forces in active service. The implementation of these reform measures is conducive to rationalizing and optimizing the responsibilities of the Party’s departments, state organs, mass organizations and institutions, enhancing the Party’s leadership, improving the government’s executive power, stimulating the vitality of mass organizations and social organizations, enhancing the combat effectiveness of the people’s army, making all kinds of institutions organically connected and coordinated, and promoting and complementing each other in various reforms to form an overall effect.

　　(4) Reasonable establishment of local institutions. Local authority comes from the authority of the CPC Central Committee, and local work is the concrete implementation of the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee. On the premise of ensuring the smooth implementation of the Party Central Committee’s decrees, local governments can be given more autonomy in matters that are more directly and efficiently managed by lower levels. Judging from the reality, the functions of central and local institutions in some fields are generally rough, the establishment and power allocation of grass-roots institutions need to be improved, and the ability to organize and serve the masses needs to be further improved. This requires a reasonable definition of functional allocation among different levels, optimization of institutional setup, and giving full play to their respective comparative advantages. The "Decision" requires that the establishment of local institutions should ensure the effective implementation of the CPC Central Committee’s principles and policies and national laws and regulations, and ensure that the top and bottom are connected and implemented effectively; Strengthen local governance capacity and delegate economic and social management matters that are directly oriented to the grassroots, large in quantity and wide in scope, and more convenient and effective for local implementation to local governments; Build a simple and efficient grass-roots management system, improve service methods, and maximize the convenience of the masses; Standardize the vertical management system and the local hierarchical management system, and straighten out and clarify the relationship between power and responsibility. The implementation of these reform measures will give full play to the enthusiasm of the central and local governments, build a smooth, dynamic and forbidden work system from the central to the local governments, and provide a strong institutional guarantee for winning the victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way, starting a new journey of building a socialist modernized country in an all-round way, and realizing the Chinese nation’s great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream. Yang Xiaodu

　　Original title:43 items of "non-legacy of human beings" in movable type printing of Cantonese opera, Kunqu opera and China tea came from China.

　　China’s intangible cultural heritage list and roster rank first in the world, including wooden arch bridge construction, abacus calculation, acupuncture and so on.

　　A few days ago, China declared "China traditional tea-making skills and related customs" as a representative list of UNESCO’s intangible cultural heritage of mankind. So far, 43 projects in China have been listed in UNESCO’s intangible cultural heritage list, ranking first in the world. What are the 43 "human heritages" made in China? What’s their history?

　　1. Guqin Art (listed in 2008)

　　Chinese guqin is one of the oldest plucked instruments in the world, which is mainly pronounced by string and wood resonators. It has a history of more than 3,000 years.

　　2. Kunqu Opera (listed in 2008)

　　Kunqu Opera, formerly known as "Kunshan Opera" or "Kunqu Opera" for short, originated more than 600 years ago. Many plays of Kunqu Opera, such as Peony Pavilion, Palace of Eternal Life and Peach Blossom Fan, are immortal works in ancient opera literature.

　　3. Mongolian long-tune folk songs (listed in 2008 [China and Mongolia jointly declared])

　　Mongolian long-tune folk songs are the traditional music of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and are known as "the living fossil of grassland music". The representative tracks include Walking Horse, Little Huang Ma, Vast Grassland, Vast and Rich Alashan and so on.

　　4. Xinjiang Uygur Muqam Art (listed in 2008)

　　Xinjiang Uyghur Muqam art is a large-scale comprehensive classical music art form that combines singing, dancing and music. There are a series of divertimentos with regional characteristics, such as Hami Muqam, Hotan Muqam, Daolang Muqam and Ili Muqam.

　　5. Year of Qiang (included in 2009)

　　The Year of the Qiang is a traditional festival popular in the Qiang people’s settlements in Li County, Mao County, Wenchuan County and Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County of Sichuan Province. Celebrations are held every year on the first day of the tenth lunar month, usually for 3-5 days.

　　6. Traditional construction techniques of wooden arch bridge in China (listed in 2009)

　　Wooden arch bridge is a high-tech category of traditional wooden bridges in China, and it is also the only category in the history of bridges in the world. It is mainly distributed in Zhejiang and Fujian in China, and its core technology is to build arch frames.

　　7. Traditional spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidery skills of Li nationality (listed in 2009)

　　The traditional spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidery technique of Li nationality is a kind of textile technique created by Li nationality women in Hainan Province, which integrates spinning, dyeing, weaving and embroidery. There are more than 160 kinds of brocade patterns, mainly figures, animals and plants.

　　8. Seal cutting in China (listed in 2009)

　　China seal cutting is a unique engraving art with stone as the main material, carving knife as the tool and Chinese characters as the representation. It has a history of more than 3,000 years.

　　9. Engraving printing skills in China (listed in 2009)

　　Engraving printing technology is a special technology that uses a knife to carve characters or patterns on a wooden board, and then uses ink, paper, silk and other materials to print and bind books. It has a history of more than 1,300 years, which has created a precedent for human copying technology.

　　10. China Calligraphy (listed in 2009)

　　With the emergence and evolution of Chinese characters, China’s calligraphy has developed. After more than 3,000 years, it has become a representative symbol of China culture. It has evolved from Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Shi Guwen and Jinwen (Zhong Dingwen) to Dazhuan, Xiaozhuan, Lishu, cursive script, regular script and running script.

　　11. Chinese paper-cutting (listed in 2009)

　　Chinese paper-cutting can be divided into three categories: monochrome paper-cutting, color paper-cutting and three-dimensional paper-cutting. Under each category, there are many sub-categories, which are rich in form and highly decorative.

　　12. China traditional wooden building construction skills (listed in 2009)

　　China traditional wooden structure building construction technology is a building construction technology system with wood as the main building material, tenon and mortise as the main combination method, and modulus system as the scale design and processing production means.

　　13. craftsmanship of nanjing yunjin brocade (included in 2009)

　　Craftsmanship of nanjing yunjin brocade applied core technologies such as "warping and weft breaking" to large looms with complicated structures, and two people manually operated them to weave luxurious fabrics, such as robes, from silk thread, gold thread and peacock feather thread.

　　14. Dragon Boat Festival (listed in 2009)

　　Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional festival in China. There are many legends about its origin, such as the commemoration of Quyuan’s throwing himself into the river, the taboo that began on May 5th, the training of the navy by Gou Jian, the King of Yue, and the commemoration of Wu Zixu’s throwing himself into Qiantang River and Cao E’s saving his father.

　　15. China Korean Agricultural Music Dance (listed in 2009)

　　China Korean agricultural music dance is a folk performing art which integrates performance, singing and dancing, reflecting the traditional farming production and life, offering sacrifices to pray for blessings and celebrating the harvest.

　　16. Gesar (in 2009)

　　The epic Gesa (Si ‘er), which has been sung for thousands of years, is spread among the Tibetan, Mongolian, Tu, Yugu, Naxi, Pumi and other ethnic groups on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. It tells the heroic achievements of King Gelsall in banishing evil spirits, restraining the strong and helping the weak, unifying the ministries, and finally returning to heaven.

　　17. Dong people’s big songs (listed in 2009)

　　Dong people’s big song, called "Ga Lao" in Dong language, is a distinctive folk song singing form of Dong people. The Song Dynasty was mature. In the Ming Dynasty, Kuang Lu clearly recorded the Dong people’s "Long song closed his eyes" in "Chiya".

　　18. Huaer (included in year 2009)

　　Hua ‘er is a folk song shared by the Han, Hui, Tibetan, Dongxiang, Bao ‘an, Salar, Tu and Yugu nationalities in the three provinces (regions) of northwest China. It was born in the early Ming Dynasty, and was named because the lyrics compared women to flowers, and it was sung in Chinese.

　　19. Manas (included in 2009)

　　Manas, a local traditional folk literature in Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, describes the heroic Manas and his seven generations of descendants who fought against foreign invaders and various evil forces.

　　20. Mazu believes in customs (listed in 2009)

　　Mazu, formerly known as Lin Mo, was born on March 23rd in the first year of Jianlong in the Northern Song Dynasty (960) and died on September 9th, 987. Mazu’s belief in custom refers to Mazu’s belief and custom, which consists of three series: sacrificial ceremony, folk custom and stories and legends.

　　21. Mongolian Humai Singing Art (listed in 2009)

　　Humai is a magical singing art created by Mongolians: the singer sings two parts at the same time purely with his own vocal organs.

　　22. Nanyin (listed in 2009)

　　Nanyin, also called "Xianguan" and "Quanzhou Nanyin", is mainly composed of three categories: finger, score and qu, and it is a kind of music with rich and complete ancient music system in China.

　　23. Regong Art (listed in 2009)

　　Regong art, a traditional art among citizens in Tongren, Qinghai Province, originated in Huangnan Tibetan area in the 13th century, mainly referring to Thangka, murals, pile embroidery, sculpture and other painting plastic arts.

　　24. China Traditional Silk Weaving Skills (listed in 2009)

　　China’s traditional mulberry silk weaving techniques spread in Taihu Lake basin in northern Zhejiang and southern Jiangsu (including Hangzhou, Jiaxing, Huzhou and Suzhou) and Chengdu, Sichuan, including mulberry planting, sericulture, reeling, dyeing and silk weaving.

　　25. Tibetan Opera (listed in 2009)

　　Tibetan opera is a Tibetan drama with masks and songs and dances, which was formed in the 14th century and spread in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Most of the contents are myths and legends in Buddhist scriptures to persuade good and punish evil.

　　26. Traditional firing techniques of Longquan celadon (listed in 2009)

　　The traditional firing technique of Longquan celadon has a history of more than 1700 years. The thick glazed porcelain of "pink-green" and "plum-green" fired in Longquan kiln is the expression of the aesthetic taste of China classical works.

　　27. Traditional production techniques of Xuan paper (listed in 2009)

　　Xuan paper is an outstanding representative of traditional handmade paper, which has the characteristics of soft texture, no decay and so on. There are 108 processes in the traditional production technology of Xuan paper, which have strict requirements on water quality, raw material preparation, equipment production and process control.

　　28. Drum Music in Xi ‘an (listed in 2009)

　　Drum music in Xi ‘an, spread in Xi ‘an (ancient Chang ‘an) and surrounding areas, flowed into the people with the exile of court musicians during the Anshi Rebellion. Representative repertoires include Drum Pieces, Dazazi, Quotations, Formulas, Nanci, Qupo and Zaqu.

　　29. Cantonese Opera (listed in 2009)

　　Cantonese Opera, also known as Guangfu Opera and Guangdong Opera, is the largest opera in Guangdong and Guangxi Cantonese dialect areas. Originated in Foshan and sung in Cantonese dialect, it is one of the traditional operas of the Han nationality. Cantonese Opera was formed in Guangdong, and then spread to Guangxi, Hongkong, Macau and Taiwan Province. Cantonese Opera was performed in Southeast Asia and American countries where overseas Chinese lived.

　　30. Masire (included in year 2010)

　　Maixi Refu is the most important bearer of the cultural tradition of the Uygur people. The complete activities of Maixi Refu include a series of rich customs and performing arts, such as music, dance, drama, folk art, acrobatics, oral literature, diet and games.

　　31. Manufacturing Technology of China Watertight Compartment Fortune Boat (listed in 2010)

　　The manufacturing technology of watertight compartment is developed in Fujian province, which makes it possible to build seagoing vessels with watertight compartments, mainly made of camphor wood, pine wood and Chinese fir, and assembled by using traditional carpenter’s tools.

　　32. Chinese movable type printing (listed in 2010)

　　China’s wood movable type printing is one of the oldest printing technologies in the world, and Ruian, Zhejiang Province has maintained this technology, where it is still used to compile genealogy.

　　33. Acupuncture in China (listed in 2010)

　　For thousands of years, people have used metal needles or moxa cones to inject needles into specific parts of the human body to treat diseases and relieve pain, and thus established a unique theory of human meridian acupoints, which has become a wonderful work of China medicine.

　　34. Peking Opera (listed in 2010)

　　Beijing opera is a performing art that combines singing, reading, doing and playing. Peking Opera is regarded as the epitome of the aesthetic ideal of traditional Chinese opera in China.

　　35. Imakan of Hezhe nationality (listed in 2011)

　　Imakan, a Hezhe nationality, is a folk art storytelling form of Hezhe nationality, which is popular in Hezhe nationality inhabited areas in Heilongjiang Province. Representative works include Shirdaru Mo Rigen, Mangemu Mo Rigen and so on.

　　36. Chinese Shadow Play (listed in 2011)

　　Chinese shadow play is a kind of drama form with colorful shadow puppets made of leather or paper, which is performed with music and singing. It is mainly performed in entertainment or religious ceremonies, weddings, funerals and other special occasions.

　　37. Fujian Puppet Show Successor Training Plan (listed in 2012)

　　Fujian puppet show is an outstanding representative of puppet performance art in China. Since 2006, relevant communities, groups and representative inheritors have focused on the main goal of cultivating inheritors.

　　38. China abacus (included in the year 2013)

　　Abacus calculation is a method of digital calculation with abacus as a tool. After the Ming Dynasty, China’s abacus first spread to Japan, Korea, Southeast Asian countries, and gradually became popular in America in recent years.

　　39. Twenty-four solar terms (included in year 2016)

　　Twenty-four solar terms originated in the Yellow River Basin. As far back as the Spring and Autumn Period, the ancient sages of China set four solar terms, such as mid-spring, mid-summer, mid-autumn and mid-winter, which were continuously improved and perfected. By the Qin and Han Dynasties, the twenty-four solar terms had been completely established.

　　40. Tibetan medicine bath method (listed in 2018)

　　Tibetan medicine bath method, called "soaking" in Tibetan, is the Tibetan people’s view of life based on the five sources of earth, water, fire, wind and air, as well as the health and disease views of Long, Chiba and Bacon, and they adjust their physical and mental balance by bathing in natural hot springs or water juice or steam boiled by medicine.

　　41. Tai Ji Chuan (included in year 2020)

　　Tai Ji Chuan pays attention to mental cultivation and breathing adjustment, with five steps and eight methods as the core movements, and routines, exercises and pushing hands as the forms of movement.

　　42. Send the King Ship (included in the year 2020, China and Malaysia jointly declare)

　　With a history of more than 600 years, the King-sending Boat is a disaster relief ceremony widely spread in Minnan, China and Malacca, Malaysia.

　　43. Traditional tea-making techniques and related customs in China (listed in 2022)

　　China’s traditional tea-making skills and related customs are knowledge, skills and practices related to tea garden management, tea picking, hand-made tea, and tea drinking and sharing.

　　Written by: Southern Reporter Zhou Peiwen Intern Huang Peilin

　　Photo: Southern Reporter Liu Shihao Xinhua News Agency