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　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that "the high-quality development of manufacturing industry is the top priority of the high-quality development of China’s economy" and "we should base ourselves on the existing industrial base, solidly promote the high-quality development of advanced manufacturing industry, accelerate the upgrading of traditional manufacturing industry, and give play to the incremental role of scientific and technological innovation". The Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Promoting Chinese Modernization, adopted by the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, made special arrangements for accelerating new industrialization and cultivating and expanding advanced manufacturing clusters, and clearly put forward "establishing a mechanism to maintain a reasonable proportion of manufacturing investment". All these have pointed out the way and direction for leading the high-quality development of manufacturing industry with scientific and technological innovation. Today, scientific and technological innovation permeates all factors of productivity and is running through the whole process of manufacturing, giving birth to new industries, new models and new kinetic energy, and empowering the manufacturing industry to develop towards high-end, intelligent and green. In the face of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, we must do a good job in scientific and technological innovation, transform and upgrade traditional industries, cultivate and expand emerging industries, lay out and build future industries, improve the modern industrial system, and lead the high-quality development of manufacturing industry.

　　Focus on transformation and upgrading to support the transformation of traditional industries.

　　Traditional manufacturing industry is the base of modern industrial system, plays a vital role in the national economic system, and is the basis to meet people’s growing needs for a better life. However, the problem of "big but not strong" and "all but not refined" in China’s traditional industries is still outstanding, and the problems of low-end oversupply and high-end shortage coexist. Therefore, we should accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, improve the "advanced nature" of traditional industries, and form new kinetic energy for development.

　　To transform and upgrade traditional industries, we must make full use of the key measure of high-level technological transformation and improve the system and mechanism to enhance the leading position of advantageous industries. The first is to promote the high-end transformation of traditional industries. At present, the chain of scientific and technological innovation is more dexterous, and technological innovation and transformation of achievements are faster. The achievements of scientific and technological innovation should be applied to traditional pillar industries such as petrochemical industry, chemical industry, light industry, steel, construction, textile, machinery, automobile, etc., and the chain of superior industries should be supplemented and the chain of traditional industries upgraded to improve the position and competitiveness of traditional industries in the global industrial division of labor. Make good use of various policies and measures for large-scale equipment renovation, carry out in-depth technical renovation and upgrading of manufacturing industry and large-scale equipment renovation projects, promote the construction of major technical renovation projects, fill outstanding shortcomings in core hardware and basic raw materials, and improve the toughness and safety level of industrial chain supply chain. The second is to promote the green transformation of traditional industries. At present, China’s traditional industrial structure and energy structure have obvious high-carbon characteristics. We should correctly handle the relationship between development and carbon reduction, promote carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions in an orderly manner, improve the regulation of total energy consumption and intensity, strengthen institutional constraints such as environmental protection and safety, establish and improve a green and low-carbon development policy system, improve energy use efficiency, and promote green and low-carbon transformation of enterprises. Accelerate the innovation of green science and technology, promote the application of energy-saving and energy-efficient technologies, technologies and equipment, and promote the economical and intensive utilization of various resources in manufacturing industry. The third is to promote the diversified development of traditional industries. Focusing on the individualized, diversified and escalating material needs of the people,Promote traditional industries to implement industrial base reconstruction projects and major technical equipment research projects, improve product quality and technical performance, enrich product categories, and better meet people’s growing needs for a better life.

　　Integrate innovative resources and cultivate and expand emerging industries.

　　With the development of scientific and technological innovation, cutting-edge technologies and disruptive technologies are constantly emerging and spreading, giving birth to new products, new models and new formats, and forming a series of emerging sub-industries. At present, China has a world-class team of researchers and engineers, a huge amount of R&D investment, and the effectiveness of innovation-driven development is increasingly apparent. The achievements of scientific and technological innovation are fruitful, and the development of emerging industries shows a good momentum. However, the foundation of scientific and technological innovation in China is still not solid, the relationship between scientific research and economy is not close, the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements is not high, and the situation that key core technologies in some fields are controlled by people has not fundamentally changed. To solve these outstanding contradictions and problems, we must fundamentally rely on reform, adhere to the problem orientation, turn the scientific and technological innovation achievements in the laboratory into a realistic driving force to promote the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry, cultivate and expand emerging industries, and lay out and build future industries.

　　To lead strategic emerging industries and future industrial development with scientific and technological innovation, we should base ourselves on the advantages of resource endowment and industrial base, make full use of cutting-edge technologies and subversive technologies, and build advanced manufacturing clusters. The first is to strengthen original and basic research. Adhere to the market orientation, focus on the national strategy and the practical needs of economic and social development, take key common technologies, cutting-edge leading technologies, modern engineering technologies and subversive technological innovations as breakthroughs, increase the proportion of scientific and technological expenditures for basic research, and encourage high-risk and high-value basic research. Highlight the dominant position of enterprises in innovation, give play to the advantages of the new national system, implement major scientific and technological innovation projects, and make new breakthroughs in original and subversive scientific and technological innovation achievements. Deploy innovation chain around the industrial chain, integrate all kinds of innovative resources, accelerate the transformation and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements, and cultivate a good innovation pattern of combining Industry-University-Research, connecting the upper, middle and lower reaches, and coordinating large, medium and small enterprises. The second is to cultivate and expand strategic emerging industries. Vigorously develop high-end equipment, new energy vehicles, aerospace, biomedicine, artificial intelligence, next-generation information technology and other strategic emerging industries with high technology content, strong market competitiveness, great driving effect and good economic benefits, promote the development of emerging industries’ integrated clusters, and form an industrial layout with complementary advantages and reasonable structure. The third is to lay out future industries in advance. Scientifically plan the future industrial development direction, establish the future industrial investment growth mechanism, dig deep into the fields of artificial intelligence, life sciences, quantum technology, low-carbon energy and advanced materials, boldly innovate and explore, and promote the accelerated growth of future industrial clusters.Strive to form a competitive advantage in some new industrial fields. Fourth, vigorously develop modern producer services. Modern producer service industry is an important support for empowering the development of manufacturing industry. We should focus on key links to promote the high-quality development of producer service industry in different fields, accelerate the development of modern producer services such as research and development, design, consulting and patents, realize the deep integration of modern service industry and advanced manufacturing industry, and further increase the added value of manufacturing industry. Focus on railways, highways, cold chain logistics, etc., moderately advance the construction of a modern infrastructure system, accelerate the construction of an integrated comprehensive transportation system, improve the modern business circulation system, reduce the logistics cost of the whole society, and enhance the core competitiveness of manufacturing.

　　Make good use of digital technology to promote the intelligence of manufacturing industry

　　With the accelerated innovation and wide application of Internet, big data, artificial intelligence and other technologies, the digital economy is booming and is becoming a key force to reshape the manufacturing mode of production and influence the global competition pattern. In 2023, the added value of core industries in China’s digital economy accounted for 10% of GDP, and the digital economy has become an important engine for the high-quality development of China’s economy. China has the advantages of super-large-scale market and massive data resources, and the data-enabled manufacturing industry has great space and potential, which is promising in promoting the intelligent transformation of manufacturing industry.

　　To support the intelligent transformation of manufacturing industry, digital technology should be used to empower manufacturing industry in all directions, all angles and all chains to improve total factor productivity. The first is to strengthen key core technology research. Strengthen scientific and technological research and development in key areas such as basic materials, integrated circuits, semiconductors, high-precision sensors and core electronic components, and consolidate the digital hardware support of manufacturing industry. Cultivate software enterprises with international influence, focus on breaking through key software, and enhance the technological innovation and supply capacity of key software. The second is to speed up the construction of new infrastructure. Build a new infrastructure planning and standard system, plan digital infrastructure in a forward-looking way, moderately advance the construction of new information infrastructure such as 5G, data center and computing power, implement the industrial Internet innovation and development project, and form a number of globally competitive industrial Internet platforms. The third is to strengthen the application of digital empowerment. Promote the large-scale application of industrial internet, aim at the digital pain points of manufacturing enterprises, and provide targeted digital transformation programs. Encourage small and medium-sized enterprises to use cloud storage, cloud security and other application services, support enterprises to build digital workshops, smart factories and intelligent production lines, and promote intelligent, digital and networked manufacturing.

　　Promote system innovation and create a good development environment.

　　Running an effective system and mechanism is not only a strong support for scientific and technological innovation, but also an important guarantee for the high-quality development of manufacturing industry. With the deepening of high-quality development, China’s economic development system and mechanism have been continuously improved, and the development momentum of manufacturing industry has been continuously enhanced. In the future, we should further deepen the reform in an all-round way, give full play to the role of the market mechanism, establish a high-standard market system, expand high-level opening to the outside world, optimize the efficiency and maximize the benefits of resource allocation, and create a fairer and more dynamic market environment.

　　To promote institutional innovation, we should focus on talents, capital and business environment. The first is to innovate the system and mechanism of talent development. Talent is the key to promoting scientific and technological innovation and empowering the high-quality development of manufacturing industry. Combined with the development trend of manufacturing technology, we should optimize the discipline setting and talent training mode of colleges and universities, strengthen the training of scientific researchers and workers’ skills, and continuously improve the quality of all kinds of talents. Optimize the distribution mechanism of scientific research achievements, build a salary system suitable for scientific researchers, managers and technical talents, better reflect the market value of knowledge, technology and talents, and attract outstanding talents to the manufacturing industry. The second is to deepen the reform of the financial system. We will further promote the structural reform of the financial supply side, improve the multi-level fund supply system, promote the integrated development of technology and finance, inclusive finance and green finance, and use more financial resources for technological innovation, advanced manufacturing, green development and small and medium-sized enterprises to improve the adaptability of financial services. Actively develop venture capital, establish an investment orientation of investing early, investing small and investing in hard technology, and guide more long-term capital and patient capital to invest in high-tech manufacturing. The third is to create a market-oriented, legalized and internationalized first-class business environment. Accelerate the construction of a unified national market, improve the comprehensive market supervision ability and level, improve laws, regulations and technical management standards that are compatible with the high-quality development of manufacturing industry, improve the market environment and credit evaluation system, and create a stable, fair, transparent and predictable business environment. Actively carry out technical exchanges with foreign countries, strive to make good use of both domestic and international scientific and technological resources, and continue to build a new pattern of international scientific and technological cooperation in an all-round, multi-level and wide-ranging manner.

　　(This article Source: Economic Daily Author: Hu Jinyan Author is the Party Secretary of Qingdao University and a researcher at the Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center of the Supreme Leader of Shandong Province in the New Era)

In the government building of Anambra State, Nigeria, a woman named Chioma hugged her baby boy Hope tightly, with tears in her eyes and repeatedly said, "This is my own son! You see, he looks exactly like my husband! "

She and her husband Ike sat side by side on the sofa, opposite Evy Obinabo, the local Commissioner for Women’s Affairs and Social Welfare. This female official, who has handled numerous family disputes, is frowning at the file at the moment-five relatives of Ike are still sitting in the room, and they all question: "This child is definitely not his own!"

01

It started eight years ago, when Chioma and Ike got married and never got pregnant, and her husband’s family gradually lost patience.

"My mother-in-law called me a’ barren girl’ in front of the whole village, and my sister-in-law even introduced Ike to a new object." Chiaoma trembled slightly as she clutched the infant’s hand.

Last winter, she saw the small advertisement of "helping pregnant hand" on the telephone pole of the market, and found it like a straw.

The "clinic" hidden in the slum injected her with unknown drugs and announced "successful pregnancy" three months later. Chiaoma touched her flat belly with disbelief, but the clinic sent her B-ultrasound photos every week.

"Watching the little hands and feet grow up in the image, I am so happy that I can’t sleep," she suddenly became excited. "I am really pregnant for 15 months! Although it is longer than ordinary people, the child is particularly healthy! "

"Nonsense! The longest human pregnancy is only 12 months! " Ike’s cousin got angry.

Commissioner Obinabo signaled everyone to be quiet, turned around and opened the files in the computer-the screen was a photo taken by the police when they raided the clinic: boxes of baby milk powder were piled up in the simple ward, and more than a dozen pregnant women’s birth inspection records were posted on the wall, but all the names were forged.

It turns out that this is a black industrial chain. Liars first attract infertile women with "ancestral secret recipe", create the illusion of pregnancy with false tests, and buy babies from traffickers when the "due date" approaches. A survey by BBC reporters found that most of these babies came from orphanages in war-torn areas, and each child could sell for 5,000 dollars.

"Look at Hope’s birth certificate. It clearly says to deliver a baby in a public hospital." Chiaoma was still arguing, but her voice gradually dropped.

The Commissioner sighed and pointed to the official seal on the certificate: "This hospital was demolished three years ago."

Ike, who has been silent, suddenly hugged his wife: "Don’t be afraid, even if the child is not biological, we can go through the formal adoption procedure."

02

Aminah (not her real name), 35, trembled and lifted her skirt at a market in a small town in southeastern Nigeria, revealing a slightly bulging abdomen. "The doctor said it was a miracle that the fetus was growing next to my liver." She stroked her stomach with morbid hope in her eyes.

Such scenes are being staged in many corners of the country-according to United Nations data, every woman in Nigeria has an average of 4.6 children, and women who can’t get pregnant are often regarded as "the curse of the family".

BBC investigative reporters lurked for three months and finally got into an underground clinic in Lagos. In the dark consulting room, the man who claimed to be the "master of gynecology" was showing three women ultrasonic images: "Look, this is your child’s toe, although it is not easy to find it behind the kidney."

In fact, these images are all fake materials downloaded from the Internet. Women who receive so-called "embryo transfer" have to pay 300 dollars equivalent to half a year in exchange for injecting a tube of turbid liquid.

"The burning sensation of the drug injected into the body convinced me that the treatment was effective." Fioma, who was deceived in Abuja, recalled. Three weeks later, her abdomen began to swell and her menstruation stopped. These physiological changes made her completely fall into a state of doubt.

What’s more frightening is that the clinic forbids them to contact with regular medical treatment-"those quack instruments will kill your angels", so the scammers threaten.

When the "due date" approached, the scam reached its climax. In a remote farmhouse in Kano state, women in labor were asked to pay an extra $500 for "God-given oxytocin".

Kira, a 26-year-old victim, described: "They gave me an injection and the whole world began to spin. I heard the baby crying in my trance. When I woke up, I had a suture in my lower abdomen and a baby boy in my arms. " Forensic tests showed that the concentration of sedatives in her body was enough to anesthetize an adult zebra.

According to a survey conducted by the Nigerian Child Protection Organization, most of these babies come from orphanages in war-torn border areas. Criminal groups buy babies for $200 each, and then sell them at ten times the high price in the name of "God-given son".

In the latest raid, the police found 47 test tubes labeled "embryo culture solution" in the freezer of a "fertility clinic"-the actual composition is normal saline mixed with hallucinogens.

"This is not a simple fraud, but a systematic mind control." Dr. Ngozi, a clinical psychologist, analyzed that swindlers accurately use the fertility worship in traditional culture to construct a complete virtual pregnancy experience in the victim’s consciousness through drug hallucination and group hypnosis. With the deepening of the investigation, 12 transnational trafficking gangs have surfaced, and their criminal networks have even extended to the European adoption black market.

03

In a dilapidated hotel in Ihiala town, southeastern Nigeria, an absurd drama is staged on the second Saturday of every month: at 7: 00 in the morning, more than 20 women with bulging bellies have lined up in the corridor, waiting for the legendary "seeing off Guanyin" Dr. Ruth. The BBC investigation team pretended to be a couple who had not had children for eight years and knocked on the door of room 306 with an invisible camera.

At the moment when the door was opened, the waves of cheers came to my face-the woman who had just been diagnosed as "pregnant" was crying with her relatives and friends, and the room was full of glass bottles with the words "God gave the holy medicine". Dr. Ruth, wearing heavy makeup, sat on a faded velvet sofa with a forged certificate from a well-known medical college hanging on her badge.

"Congratulations on finding the right person!" She scanned our forged physical examination report. "As long as you inject this tube of genetic optimizer, you can not only get pregnant, but also choose the sex of your fetus!"

Seeing his wife’s hesitation, she immediately changed her strategy and took out a bag of crushed pills: "This is an ancestral pregnancy-promoting powder. With the same room every Tuesday and Saturday, I will see you next month." The asking price of this "basic package" is 350,000 naira, which is equivalent to the salary of local civil servants for three months.

We’ll make a follow-up visit in four weeks. Ruth slipped on the reporter’s abdomen with an imitation ultrasonic instrument, and the sound suddenly came out with a "thump" heartbeat. "twins! Or twins! " She pointed to the jumping light spot on the display-it was actually a pre-recorded video. When we asked for details, she lowered her voice: "Now we need to inject fetal nutrients, otherwise the baby will be malnourished."

This "premium package" is priced at 2 million naira, which is equivalent to a 12-fold increase in the amount of fraud.

The investigation found that the second floor of the hotel was actually a temporary delivery room. The woman who gave birth here recalled: "They gave me a pink potion, and when I woke up, my stomach was flat and there was a crying baby around me." What’s even more amazing is that the so-called "gene optimizer" is only vitamin B12 injection after testing, while the "pregnancy-promoting powder" is actually ground by antidepressants.

04

It is not clear whether these women really believe these lies. But why do they easily fall into this naked scam? The answer may be hidden in the pregnancy rumors that are rampant on social media.

"Secret pregnancy" is a recognized phenomenon in the medical field, which means that women don’t realize that they are pregnant until the late pregnancy. But the BBC survey found that Facebook groups and pages are full of false information about such pregnancies.

A woman in the United States specializes in operating the "secret pregnancy" homepage, claiming that she has been pregnant for many years, and this experience cannot be explained scientifically. In the closed group of Facebook, many posts package this false "treatment" as a "miracle" in religious terms, claiming that it can help infertile women. These rumors make it easier for women to believe in scams.

Not only Nigerians participated in the group, but also women from South Africa, the Caribbean and the United States. Liars sometimes join groups and take the initiative to contact women who are interested in "treatment". Once someone expresses their willingness to participate, they will be dragged into a more secretive WhatsApp group, where the administrator will introduce the so-called "secret clinic" and its operation process.

In February this year, when the police raided Chioma’s "childbirth" clinic, the shocking picture revealed the bloody truth-behind the seemingly formal clinic building, there was a darkroom where 17-year-old pregnant women were imprisoned. Some of these girls were abandoned by their boyfriends, and some could not afford illegal abortion, and finally sold their own flesh and blood for 470,000 naira.

"They lied to me that their children would be sent to wealthy families to study." 19-year-old Wu Zhu (pseudonym) stroked the scar of caesarean section and sobbed. This girl, who was forced to be separated from her newborn, still has photos of "adopted families" sent by fraudsters in her mobile phone-it was later confirmed that they were all online maps.

05

After four hours of intense inquiry, Commissioner Obinabo finally made a ruling. She pushed a pile of DNA test reports in front of Chiaoma: "Legally speaking, you are not the birth mother of this child." After saying his word, Chiaoma suddenly fell to his knees, and Hope in his arms burst into tears.

"Please look at this!" Ike took out his mobile phone trembling and played a heartbreaking video-Ricky Omar was singing a lullaby to a fake pregnant belly with wet tears hanging from his eyes. The man who has been married for eight years choked: "She reads to the’ fetus’ every day, knits more than 30 baby clothes, and even suffers from prenatal depression."

Finally, Obinabo sighed: "You can raise Hope temporarily, but on one condition-"She pointed to the poster of the African Convention for the Protection of Children on the wall. "If you can’t find your biological parents within three years, you must go through the formal channels for adoption."

When she walked out of the government building, Chiaoma wrapped Hope more tightly. On the telephone pole on the street corner, the small advertisement of "Bao Sheng Boy" rattled in the wind. Dr. Ngozi, a child psychologist, looked at their backs and said, "Let a fake mother go today, and ten real liars will emerge tomorrow. Unless we stop using the uterus to define the value of women, such a tragedy will never end. "

The data shows that there are 1,200 new similar scams in Nigeria every year, but only 3% of the cases are exposed. In neighboring Benin, there are even whole villages involved in baby trafficking. As Adoula, a volunteer of abduction, said: "When the whole society regards fertility as a female examination paper, cheating becomes an inevitable choice."

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Original title: "Eight years of seeking a child will eventually become empty? From the beginning of Nigeria’s "Songzi Clinic", a fake B-ultrasound instrument actually made a live baby.

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　　From January to July this year, 12,565 cases of infectious diseases were detected by the national customs entry quarantine, up by 8.62% year-on-year. Zika virus disease and Chikungunya fever were detected for the first time, and cholera, Zika and other major infectious diseases were detected many times. However, traditional infectious diseases such as plague, cholera and yellow fever break out from time to time all over the world, and new infectious diseases such as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Middle East respiratory syndrome and Zika virus disease are constantly emerging, which may become "black swan" and "grey rhinoceros" in the field of infectious diseases at any time, bringing severe challenges to global public health and China Customs.

　　"At present, the global public health situation is very complicated and severe. The accelerated development of global trade, the more convenient transportation network and the more frequent personnel exchanges make there is only one flight distance between any new disease and the transmission area. " Zhang Jiwen, deputy director of the General Administration of Customs, said at the scene of an emergency drill for public health emergencies at ports recently held in Chongqing.

　　The reporter of "Legal Daily" learned from the General Administration of Customs that from January to July this year, 12,565 cases of infectious diseases were detected by the national customs entry quarantine, an increase of 8.62% year-on-year. Zika virus disease and Chikungunya fever were detected for the first time, and major infectious diseases such as cholera and Zika were detected many times. However, traditional infectious diseases such as plague, cholera and yellow fever break out from time to time all over the world, and new infectious diseases such as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Middle East respiratory syndrome and Zika virus disease are constantly emerging, which may become "black swan" and "grey rhinoceros" in the field of infectious diseases at any time, bringing severe challenges to global public health and China Customs.

The epidemic situation is unprecedentedly grim.

　　In the development of human history, the struggle against infectious diseases is an eternal main line.

　　Infectious diseases, such as smallpox, plague and cholera, have spread widely all over the world, causing hundreds of millions of casualties, which has seriously disrupted social order and affected social and economic development.

　　According to Adrian Xu, director of the Department of Health and Quarantine of the General Administration of Customs, in the 21st century, the impact of various infectious diseases has not decreased with the growth of the world economy and the improvement of people’s living standards, but with the improvement of the world transportation facilities, the epidemic situation of infectious diseases has spread rapidly around the world. In recent years, the global epidemic situation of infectious diseases has broken out one after another, with one or two new and recurrent infectious diseases appearing every year. The outbreak frequency is getting denser and denser, the scope is getting wider and wider, the harm degree is getting deeper and deeper, and the import risk is getting bigger and bigger, which makes the global public health situation unprecedented.

　　In 2014, the Ebola outbreak broke out in three African countries, causing fear and travel restrictions that almost paralyzed the whole world.

　　In 2015, a business traveler infected with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome virus returned to South Korea, quickly infecting 186 people, killing 38 people and isolating 17,000 people, which led to the disorder of health system and society in South Korea. South Korea’s exports fell by 10.9% year-on-year, and the president was forced to cancel his visit to the United States. The epidemic also spread to China.

　　In 2016, after 60 years of silence in Africa and Asia, Zika virus disease suddenly became popular in Brazil and continued to spread across borders. Because Zika virus can cause neonatal microcephaly, the World Health Organization declared it a public health emergency of international concern.

　　In July this year, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that the epidemic situation of Ebola hemorrhagic fever in Congo (DRC) has constituted a public health emergency of international concern, and the risk of epidemic spread has intensified, and the pressure of prevention and control has increased.

　　Adrian Xu told reporters that in the first half of this year, the monitoring information of the global infectious disease information monitoring network involved 68 infectious diseases and 140 countries and regions. From the range of occurrence, except influenza, measles, dengue fever, chikungunya fever, cholera and malaria are widely prevalent; According to the degree of harm, pneumonic plague, Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Middle East respiratory syndrome, Lassa fever and Hantavirus lung syndrome are the most common causes of death. In terms of epidemic areas, Ebola hemorrhagic fever, plague, cholera, yellow fever, Lassa fever and rift valley fever are mainly prevalent in Africa, cholera, Middle East respiratory syndrome and dengue fever are mainly prevalent in Asia, and dengue fever and measles are mainly prevalent in America and Europe.

Tens of thousands of infectious diseases were detected.

　　Various infectious diseases not only pose a great threat to people’s health and safety, but also have a great impact on social stability and national economy. With the continuous deepening of China’s "Belt and Road" construction and opening up, as well as the accelerated development of global trade, the more convenient transportation network and the more frequent personnel exchanges, human beings have formed a "community of destiny" in the face of epidemic diseases as never before.

　　To this end, the national customs has built a port quarantine defense line to prevent the introduction of major epidemics. From January to July this year, 12565 cases of infectious diseases were detected by the national customs entry quarantine.

　　On June 10th, the customs staff of Ningbo Airport found that many passengers on a flight from Bangkok had vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and other symptoms. Customs officers immediately carried out on-site investigation and disposal, and found that 15 passengers belonging to the same tour group had symptoms of digestive tract infection. After collecting blood and other samples, the staff issued a convenient card for seeing a doctor and told them to see a doctor as soon as possible before releasing it. On June 14th, Ningbo Health Center reported that three passengers were positive for enterohemolytic Escherichia coli O157:H7. The customs immediately informed the passengers of the test results by telephone, and suggested that they go to the hospital for further review and diagnosis and treatment, and reported the disposal situation to the Ningbo Municipal Government and informed the Ningbo Municipal Health and Health Commission. At the same time, strengthen cooperation with tourism management departments, issue early warnings to travel agencies in a timely manner, and ask the recent travel team to Thailand to pay attention to the relevant epidemic situation and make adjustments to travel routes.

　　On July 1st, Kunming Customs found a China male passenger with high body temperature among the people who entered Myanmar at Changshui Airport. On-site staff immediately re-measured the passenger’s body temperature, conducted epidemiological investigation and medical investigation. After investigation, the passenger’s axillary temperature was 37.7℃, accompanied by headache, muscle and joint pain and other symptoms. The staff initially judged that they might be infected with mosquito-borne infectious diseases, so they collected blood samples for inspection at the first time. On July 2, Yunnan Health Center detected that the passenger was positive for Zika virus nucleic acid. The customs immediately informed the patients by telephone, gave them health education and informed the Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

　　On July 11th, a flight from Kenya declared to Guangzhou Baiyun Airport Customs that a female passenger from the Democratic Republic of Congo had fever, vomiting and diarrhea during the flight. Customs officers determined that it was a suspicious case of Ebola hemorrhagic fever. The customs will start the joint prevention and control mechanism and emergency plan at the first time, and take protective and disinfection measures; Isolate the passenger, contact the local medical institution to transfer him to another hospital, deliver the sample overnight and start the 24-hour inspection mechanism. The next day, the Health and Quarantine Laboratory (P3) of the Technology Center reported that the suspected Ebola virus disease was excluded.

Prevent and resolve health risks

　　"Preventing and resolving major risks is one of the three tough battles established by the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Specific to the customs health and quarantine work, it is necessary to adhere to the bottom line thinking of preventing major epidemics and strictly controlling the security of the country, and resolutely prevent and resolve the hidden dangers of public health and safety risks at ports." Lin Wei, director of the Health and Quarantine Department of the General Administration of Customs, said.

　　In April 2018, in accordance with the unified arrangements for the reform of the party and state institutions, the duties and teams of entry-exit inspection and quarantine management were assigned to the General Administration of Customs. After the institutional reform, the customs has more supervision responsibilities, wider supervision scope and longer supervision chain, and the pressure and challenge of maintaining national security is greater than at any time in history, which puts forward new and higher requirements for customs health and quarantine work.

　　In order to prevent the introduction of major epidemic diseases and build a strong port quarantine defense line, the customs health quarantine explored the mode of "moving the border forward", sent elite soldiers and strong generals to carry out epidemic prevention and control abroad, and constantly improved the overseas infectious disease monitoring system. Strict port quarantine inspection, so that every doubt must be investigated and every policeman must be dealt with, improve laboratory testing ability, implement precision quarantine projects, carry out cross-border joint monitoring of vector organisms at key ports, implement port food safety and health supervision and sampling plan, and constantly improve the port health quarantine prevention and control system.

　　In order to improve the international travel health service for key groups such as expatriate laborers, the Customs has continuously improved the international travel health service system. In recent years, major epidemics such as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Middle East respiratory syndrome and Zika virus disease have been properly handled, and the country has been kept. The first case of rhabdovirus infection in China and the second case in the world were detected, and six new viruses, such as yellow fever virus, Zika virus, Rift Valley fever virus, Cooper fever virus and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, which were not seen in China, were detected, achieving both "absolute quantity" and "gold content" of epidemic detection.

　　In order to strengthen supervision, optimize services and actively serve the overall situation of development. The Customs has optimized the examination and approval process for special articles, and the settlement rate reached 95% in 5 days. Implement risk management, strengthen supervision after the event, reduce the burden on enterprises, and support biomedical research and industrial development. Port health permit "two certificates in one", cancel the health permit for storage sites at border ports, and realize the online operation of 13 health and quarantine government services; Excellent completion of G20 summit, APEC meeting, Shanghai Cooperation Summit, Beijing Summit of Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, the first China International Import Expo(CIIE) and other major activities.

　　The open ports of 273 countries in China have passed the acceptance of the core competence of port public health, fulfilled the agreement of the International Health Regulations and fulfilled the commitment of China. Ningbo’s experience of "Hong Kong-wide Demonstration City for Health Creation" has been promoted to the whole world by WHO. In addition, the first port public health risk monitoring, early warning and decision-making system has been built to realize comprehensive monitoring, automatic early warning, scientific decision-making and rapid response to global infectious diseases and vectors; It is the largest sanitary treatment scale of large ships in the world. For the first time, the whole ship fumigated a 100,000-ton ship and killed 600,000 live cockroaches.

　　Participate in international health governance and give voice to China. The Customs implemented the action of health aid to Africa and promoted the construction of African CDC. Establish the WHO International Health Regulations (Port) Cooperation Center and the International Travel Health Cooperation Center, actively strengthen health and quarantine cooperation with international organizations, neighboring countries and regions, and countries along the Belt and Road, and gradually establish information exchange and joint emergency response mechanisms, so as to contribute "China experience" to international health governance and epidemic prevention and control, and demonstrate "China’s responsibility".

　　The relevant person in charge of the General Administration of Customs said that in the next step, the national customs will resolutely implement the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary "Building a port quarantine defense line", adhere to the bottom line thinking, strengthen port epidemic prevention and control and emergency drills, and actively deepen joint prevention and control with departments at all levels to prevent the cross-border spread of infectious diseases and effectively protect people’s lives and health. (Legal Daily reporter Cai Yanhong)